900000000000509007: United States of America English language reference set (foundation metadata concept)

SNOMED CT Concept\SNOMED CT Model Component\Foundation metadata concept (foundation metadata concept)\Reference set\Language type reference set (foundation metadata concept)\English [International Organization for Standardization 639-1 code en] language reference set (foundation metadata concept)\US English

Status: current, Not sufficiently defined by necessary conditions definition status (core metadata concept). Date: 31-Jan 2002. Module: SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)

Descriptions:

Expanded Value Set

Outbound Relationships	Type	Target	Active	Characteristic	Refinability	Group	Values
US English	Is a	English [International Organization for Standardization 639-1 code en] language reference set (foundation metadata concept)	true	Inferred relationship	Some

Members	acceptabilityId
A severe subtype of citrin deficiency characterized clinically by adult onset (20 and 50 years of age), recurrent episodes of hyperammonemia and associated neuropsychiatric symptoms such as nocturnal delirium, confusion, restlessness, disorientation, drowsiness, memory loss, abnormal behavior (aggression, irritability, and hyperactivity), seizures, and coma.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A severe, early-onset form of axonal CMT peripheral sensorimotor polyneuropathy.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A severe, genetic form of pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) characterized by delayed neocortical maturation with underdeveloped cerebral hemispheres and pontocerebellar hypoplasia and a severely affected vermis. Clinically, the disorder manifests with prenatal onset of polyhydramnios and contractures followed by hypertonia, severe clonus, primary hypoventilation leading to an early postnatal death.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A severe, genetic form of pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH) characterized by spinal cord anterior horn cell degeneration in addition to pontocerebellar hypoplasia. Clinically, patients manifest with a severe global development deficit that is evident early on from difficulties in feeding and swallowing.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A sex chromosome aneuploidy where males receive an additional Y chromosome, and with clinical characteristics of tall stature evident from childhood, macrocephaly, facial features (mild hypertelorism, low set ears, a mildly flat malar region), speech delay and an increased risk for social and emotional difficulties, attention deficit hyperactive disorder and autistic spectrum disorder.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A sex chromosome anomaly caused by the presence of two extra X chromosomes in females (48,XXXX instead of 46,XX). This disorder is associated with delayed speech, learning difficulties, developmental delay and facial dysmorphism. Although disease severity is variable, the learning difficulties and developmental delay are generally mild to moderate. Commonly associated facial features include hypertelorism, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds and a flat nasal bridge. Other anomalies may include dental abnormalities, hypotonia and joint laxity, radioulnar synostosis, heart defects, hip dysplasia, and ovarian dysfunction. An increased susceptibility to infections during childhood has also been reported.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A sheet of cells are grown in culture in a laboratory for use as a biosynthetic dermal graft.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A short contemporaneous record of surgery, often followed by a complete and detailed procedure record	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A short-rib dysplasia with characteristics of narrow thorax, short limbs and radiological skeletal abnormalities including "trident" aspect of the acetabula and metaphyseal changes. In rare cases, postaxial polydactyly may also be present. The narrow thorax may cause neonatal respiratory failure, and may be associated with persistent respiratory manifestations. The growth rate is variable but may be almost normal. Intellectual development is normal. The molecular basis of the syndrome has been partially elucidated indicating involvement of the IFT80 (3q25.33), DYNC2H1 (11q22.3), WDR19 (4p14) and TTC21B (2q24.3) genes, each encoding an intraflagellar transport protein. The syndrome is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A sighted guide is a person that escorts a visually impaired individual and assists them with for example reading of signs.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A significant reduction, but not complete absence, in the range and intensity of emotional expression through facial expressions, voice quality, and/or body language.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A simple laceration is one without any significant debris or contamination which can be repaired by a single-layer repair	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A single anterior tooth pair is in crossbite and is also impinging on the soft tissue, resulting in destruction of the oral mucosa adjacent to one or both teeth involved.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A single source of pollution resulting from discharge from an identifiable source such as a chimney stack, pipe or sewerage plant.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A skin graft obtained by using a skin biopsy punch.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A small (less than 1 cm) fluid-filled lesion, raised above the plane of surrounding skin	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A small solid benign tumor with clear-cut border above surrounding tissue.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A small vessel vasculitis characterized by neutrophilic inflammation predominantly limited to the superficial cutaneous postcapillary venules and without systemic vasculitis or glomerulonephritis. Typical presentation is of unifocal or multifocal palpable purpura on the lower extremities.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A small vessel vasculitis restricted to the lungs that may induce diffuse alveolar hemorrhage without any underlying systemic disease.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A small, circular, skin graft obtained by pinching up a cone of skin with a needle or pulling up a hair and cutting it free.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A small, solid lesion, less than 1 cm in diameter, raised above the surface of the surrounding skin and hence palpable	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid dose form consisting of a long narrow strip of flexible material.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid dose form consisting of dry aggregates of powder particles that are sufficiently resistant to withstand handling.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid dose form consisting of large granules, usually formed by extrusion.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid dose form consisting of one or more components which together are used to deliver active substance(s) with a prolonged-release mechanism.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid dose form consisting of one or more particulate solids of varying degrees of fineness.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid dose form consisting of porous or absorbent material onto or into which active substance(s) are taken up or taken in, for subsequent release after administration.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid dose form that is rectangular in shape.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid dose form usually rod or conical in shape.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid preparation for homeopathic use, obtained from sucrose, lactose or other suitable excipients.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose form consisting of a suitable absorbent material. Pledgets are intended for insertion into a body or application to a body surface.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose form consisting of a suitable material intended for insertion into a body cavity for a limited time prior to removal.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose form consisting of a suitable material. Sponges are intended for insertion into a body cavity for a limited time prior to removal.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose form of active substance(s) dispersed or dissolved in a suitable basis that may be soluble or dispersible or may melt at body temperature.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose form that is a shell made of gelatin or other substances. The contents of the shell may be a solid, semi-solid or liquid.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose form that is a single layer or multilayer sheet of suitable material(s) intended to disperse rapidly.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose form that is a wafer enclosing a unit dose.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose form that is flexible and intended to be applied to a body surface to release the active substance(s) over a period of time.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose form that is soft or flexible and prepared by moulding of mixtures containing natural or synthetic polymers or gums.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose form usually prepared by moulding consisting of active substance(s) dispersed or dissolved in a suitable basis that may be soluble or dispersible or may melt at body temperature.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose form with a gum-like consistency.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose preparation made by freeze-drying of a liquid or semi-solid preparation.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose preparation obtained by compressing uniform volumes of particulate solids or by extrusion or moulding. Tablets may be single layer tablets resulting from a single compression of particles and or multilayer tablets consisting of concentric or parallel layers obtained by successive compressions of particles of different composition.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid single-dose preparation of small size and round or oval in shape.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid, sterile single-dose form suitable for implantation that may be provided with an administration device. Implants are intended for release over an extended period of time.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A solid, sterile single-dose form suitable for insertion into a body cavity that may be provided with an administration device. Inserts are intended for release over an extended period of time.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A somatic dysfunction in which the innominate bone is rotated posteriorly around a transverse axis relative to the sacrum. The innominate moves more freely in posterior rotation and is restricted in anterior rotation. The anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) is positioned superiorly and the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) is positioned inferiorly when compared to the contralateral landmarks.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A sore at urethral meatus	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A sore at urethral meatus (finding)	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A specialist physiotherapist for neurological conditions.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A specialist physiotherapist in cardiorespiratory conditions.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A specialist physiotherapist in musculoskeletal conditions.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A speciality of medicine focused on restoring health and functional abilities after acute illness or injury.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A specialization for the delivery of pharmacy services in a military setting.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A specialization for the delivery of pharmacy services in the complex hospital setting.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A specific, singular event or a short period in which substance use leads to damage to an individual's physical or mental health or results in behavior that causes physical or psychological harm to others. Health damage results from intoxication behaviors, direct or secondary toxic effects on body organs and system, or harmful method of substance intake. Harm to others encompasses any physical or mental harm directly attributable to the user's intoxicated behavior.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A spectrum of congenital malformative disorders characterized by the co-occurrence of distal limb anomalies (usually bilateral cleft feet and/or hands) and renal defects (e.g. unilateral or bilateral agenesis), that can be associated with a variety of other anomalies such as those of genitourinary tract (genital anomalies, ureteral hypoplasias, vesicoureteral reflux), abdominal well defects, intestinal atresias, and lung malformations. Familial cases have been reported in which an autosomal recessive inheritance was suspected.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A spectrum of diseases with manifestation of overgrowth that results from somatic activating mutations in the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT/mTOR pathway.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A split thickness skin graft processed through a skin mesher which makes apertures onto the graft, allowing it to expand to many times its size.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A spondyloarthritis associated predominately with inflammatory bowel diseases and less frequently with other intestinal disorders such Whipple disease, celiac disease and bowel-associated dermatitis-arthritis syndrome.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A state of being wherein a person has difficulty fully meeting current and/or ongoing financial obligations and/or does not feel secure in their financial future.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A state of matter where particles conform to the shape of their container and expand to fill the container.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A state of matter where particles conform to the shape of their container and keep a constant volume independent of pressure (if temperature stable).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A state of matter where particles form a definite shape and support their own weight but have the ability to flow like a liquid when pressure is applied.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A state of matter where particles form a stable, definite shape that can only change by force (e.g. break, cut).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A state where someone is vocally restless, uneasy, or disturbed. This may manifest as raised volume, accelerated speech rate, repetition of phrases, or increased emotional tone.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A status of being neither employed nor unemployed for example students, the retired, carers and also those who are not in work or seeking work.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A status of immunization which is suboptimal for a person.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A stent suture is used primarily in non-valved aqueous drainage devices to restrict fluid outflow, reducing excessive fluid drainage and hypotony.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A stent using a collagen derived noninflammatory gelatin material.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A stepdown or lower dependency care unit from cardiac intensive care.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A sterile implantable device intended to be used as an attachment for a resurfacing humeral head prosthesis joint to treat a disease-damaged (e.g., arthritic) shoulder joint. It consists of a metallic peg [e.g., titanium (Ti), cobalt-chrome (Co-Cr), stainless steel] inserted into the humeral head so that the prosthesis on the humeral articulating surface can be attached.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A sterile, battery-powered, electromechanical device assembly intended to compensate for impaired hearing by transmitting vibrations, from transduced sound waves, through the skull to the inner ear. It typically consists of a self-contained microphone, amplifier, and vibrator mounted on a titanium (Ti) post which is implanted into the skull, typically the mastoid bone, and protrudes through the skin. Sound waves are converted into electrical signals and sent to the vibrator, which transmits vibrations directly through bone to the inner ears for hearing. It is used to treat hearing impairment due to middle and/or outer ear obstructive pathologies or types of conductive hearing loss.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A sterile, flexible, single-lumen tube intended to be introduced into the trachea of a neonate for the administration of exogenous surfactant as part of pulmonary surfactant therapy.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A stressful unexpected event that occurs with little advance warning, such as illness of a family member, accident or job loss.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A string of characters that may be parsed and executed to perform a query.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A structurally abnormal heart condition, without symptoms of heart failure, that confers a high risk of progression to symptomatic heart failure.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A structure damaged by an external force	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A structured approach to modify specific behaviors by identifying targets, setting measurable goals, and implementing strategies. It involves monitoring progress, making adjustments as needed, and ensuring the changes are sustained over time and in various contexts.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A structured therapeutic program using meditation to develop awareness and acceptance of emotions, thoughts and physical sensations to reduce psychological distress and support and improve wellbeing.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A subdivision of inferior hypogastric plexus, maybe derived from it, that supplies nerves to the rectum	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A subdivision of the enteric plexus that lies within the tunica muscularis of the intestinal tract	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A subgroup of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN), associated with a treatment of an unrelated neoplastic or autoimmune disease with cytotoxic agents, like cyclophosphamid, platins, melphalan and others. The neoplastic cells typically harbor unbalanced aberrations of chromosomes 5 and 7 (monosomy 5/del(5q) and monosomy 7/del(7q)) or a complex karyotype. It usually presents with multilineage dysplasia and cytopenias 5-10 years after exposure, with symptoms related to the degree of bone marrow failure and the corresponding cytopenia (fatigue, bleeding and bruising, recurrent infections, bone pain).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A subgroup of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN), associated with treatment of an unrelated neoplastic disease with cytotoxic agents, like etoposide, doxorubicin, daunorubicin and others. The neoplastic cells often show rearrangements involving the mixed lineage leukemia gene at 11q23. This subgroup of t-MN is typically associated with overt leukemia, without preceding myelodysplastic syndrome, developing 2-3 years after exposure, presenting with non-specific symptoms related to ineffective hematopoesis (fatigue, bleeding and bruising, recurrent infections, bone pain) and/or extramedullary site involvement.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A subgroup of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN), associated with treatment of an unrelated neoplastic disease with radiation. The neoplastic cells typically harbor unbalanced aberrations of chromosomes 5 and 7 (monosomy 5/del(5q) and monosomy 7/del(7q)) or a complex karyotype. Patients frequently present with multilineage dysplasia and cytopenias 5-10 years after exposure.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance capable of combining with a specific receptor on a cell and initiating the same reaction or activity typically produced by the binding endogenous substance	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance containing enzymes, mainly amylase, lipase, and protease, obtained from the pancreas of the hog or of the ox. It is a cream-colored, amorphous powder, having a faint, characteristic, but not offensive odor. Its greatest activities are in neutral or faintly alkaline media; more than traces of mineral acids or large amounts of alkali hydroxides make it inert. An excess of alkali carbonate also inhibits its action. Pancreatin contains, in each mg, not less than 25 USP units of amylase activity, not less than 2 USP units of lipase activity, and not less than 25 USP units of protease activity. Pancreatin of a higher digestive power may be labeled as a whole-number multiple of the 3 minimum activities, or may be diluted with lactose, or with sucrose containing not more than 3.25% of starch, or with pancreatin of lower digestive power.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance containing enzymes, mainly lipase, with amylase and protease, obtained from the pancreas of the hog. It is a cream-colored, amorphous powder having a faint characteristic, but not offensive odor. Its greatest activities are in neutral or faintly alkaline media; more than traces of mineral acids or large amounts of alkali hydroxides make it inert. An excess of alkali carbonate also inhibits its action. Pancrelipase contains, in each mg, not less than 24 USP units of lipase activity, not less than 100 USP units of amylase activity, and not less than 100 USP units of protease activity.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance product produced by living cells that circulates in body fluids (as blood) or sap and produces a specific effect on the activity of cells usually remote from its point of origin	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance such as a detergent that, when added to a liquid, reduces its surface tension, thereby increasing its spreading and wetting properties	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance that acts within the body to reduce the physiological activity of another chemical substance.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance that alters biochemical processes in a cell by decreasing or increasing the activity of an enzyme.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance that can disturb the development of an embryo or fetus and cause a birth defect in the child or halt the pregnancy outright	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance that causes irritation specifically tending to produce inflammation	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance that competes with, replaces or inhibits a specific metabolite of a cell and thereby interferes with the cell's normal metabolic functioning.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance that destroys or impairs the function of living cells	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance that forms a complex with metal ions or other substrates	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance that increases the risk of neoplasms in humans or animals either by directly affecting DNA or inducing neoplasms by other mechanisms	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance that is produced by a living organism and is toxic, noxious, or poisonous.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A substance that modifies the immune response or the functioning of the immune system.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A subtype of Autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2 characterized by the childhood onset of distal weakness and areflexia (with earlier and more severe involvement of the lower extremities), reduced sensory modalities (primarily pain and temperature sensation), foot deformities, postural tremor, scoliosis and contractures. Optic atrophy, vocal cord palsy with dysphonia, sensorineural hearing loss, spinal cord abnormalities and hydrocephalus have also been reported.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)

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Id	Description	Lang	Type	Status	Case?	Module
900000000001115012	United States of America English language reference set	en	Synonym (core metadata concept)	Active	Entire term case sensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)
900000000001116013	US English	en	Synonym (core metadata concept)	Active	Entire term case sensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)
900000000001117016	United States of America English language reference set (foundation metadata concept)	en	Fully specified name	Active	Entire term case sensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)