900000000000509007: United States of America English language reference set (foundation metadata concept)

SNOMED CT Concept\SNOMED CT Model Component\Foundation metadata concept (foundation metadata concept)\Reference set\Language type reference set (foundation metadata concept)\English [International Organization for Standardization 639-1 code en] language reference set (foundation metadata concept)\US English

Status: current, Not sufficiently defined by necessary conditions definition status (core metadata concept). Date: 31-Jan 2002. Module: SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)

Descriptions:

Expanded Value Set

Outbound Relationships	Type	Target	Active	Characteristic	Refinability	Group	Values
US English	Is a	English [International Organization for Standardization 639-1 code en] language reference set (foundation metadata concept)	true	Inferred relationship	Some

Members	acceptabilityId
A line extending from the intersection of the internasal and frontonasal sutures, in the midsagittal plane (nasion) and the junction of frontal bone and nasal bone (a point).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A line extending from the intersection of the internasal and frontonasal sutures, in the midsagittal plane (nasion) and the most anterior point of bony chin (pogonion).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A line extending from the intersection of the internasal and frontonasal sutures, in the midsagittal plane (nasion) and the most anterior point of the alveolar process of the mandible (infradentale).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A line extending from the intersection of the internasal and frontonasal sutures, in the midsagittal plane (nasion) and the most inferior anterior point on the maxillary alveolar process, between the central incisors (prosthion).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A line extending from the intersection of the internasal and frontonasal sutures, in the midsagittal plane (nasion) and the most posterior inferior point on the outline of the angle of the mandible (gonion).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A line extending from the most inferior point of the mandibular symphysis in the midsagittal plane (menton) to the most posterior inferior point on the outline of the angle of the mandible (gonion).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A line joining points sella and nasion.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A line segment connecting anterior pole of cornea to posterior pole of sclera	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A liquid dose form consisting an alcoholic extract of plant or animal material.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A liquid dose form consisting of a pure substance in its liquid state.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A liquid dose form consisting of a suspension of fine particles in a suitable vehicle.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A liquid dose form consisting of a system of non-miscible liquids where droplets of the discrete phase are distributed in the continuous phase (usually oily in aqueous but can also be aqueous in oily).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A liquid dose form consisting of active substance(s) dissolved in a high concentration solution of sugar or sweetening agents.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A liquid dose form consisting of active substance(s) dissolved in a hydrophobic base.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A liquid dose form consisting of active substance(s) dissolved in a single phase solvent liquid.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A liquid dose form consisting of active substance(s) in a mixture of pyroxylin or similar in ether and ethanol.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A liquid dose form consisting of active substance(s) in an alcohol.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A liquid dose form consisting of semi-solid, gaseous, or small (less than 1 micron) liquid particles dispersed in a suitable vehicle.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A liquid dose form usually presented in a pressurized multi-dose container equipped with an applicator suitable for delivery of a foam consisting of large volumes of gas dispersed in a liquid containing active substance(s).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A liquid dose form where active substance(s) are suspended or dissolved in a volatile liquid which evaporate to leave them in a hard coating.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A listening of the sounds produced in response to tapping the body surface	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A listening to spontaneously generated body sounds	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A local anesthetic injection into the thoracic paravertebral space in the region of the thoracic spinal nerves close to their emergence from the intervertebral foramen.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A low velocity/moderate to high amplitude activating force using pressure and motion applied repeatedly against the restrictive barrier of a dysfunctional structure.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A lysosomal storage disease belonging to the group of sphingolipidoses.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A lysosomal storage disease with characteristics of coarse facial features, macular cherry red spot, and dysostosis multiplex. Clinical presentation can be heterogenous ranging from a severe, early-onset, rapidly progressive infantile form to late onset, slowly progressive juvenile/adult form.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A lysosomal storage disease, belonging to the group of oligosaccharidosis or with a wide clinical spectrum that is divided into two main clinical subtypes: sialidosis type I, the milder, non dysmorphic form of the disease with characteristics of gait abnormalities, progressive visual loss, bilateral macular cherry red spots and myoclonus, that presents in adolescence or adulthood (second or third decade of life); and sialidosis type II (see this term) the more severe, early onset form, with characteristics of progressive and severe mucopolysaccharidosis-like phenotype with coarse facies, visceromegaly, dysostosis multiplex, and developmental delay. Bilateral macular cherry red spots are also present. Sialidosis type II has been further divided into congenital (with hydrops fetalis), infantile and juvenile presentations.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A macroscopic waste clearance system that utilizes a unique system of perivascular channels, formed by astroglial cells, to promote efficient elimination of soluble proteins and metabolites from the central nervous system.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A male with two or more X chromosomes.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A malformation disorder characterized by complete or incomplete absence of nose (arrhinia), choanal atresia, microphthalmia, anophthalmia and cleft or high palate.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A malformation syndrome reported in offspring (children and grandchildren) of women exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) during pregnancy and is characterized by reproductive tract malformations, decreased fertility and increased risk of developing clear cell carcinoma of the vagina and cervix in young women. Reproductive malformations reported in DES syndrome include small, T-shaped uteri and other uterotubal anomalies that increase the risk of miscarriages in women and epididymal cysts, microphallus, cryptorchidism, or testicular hypoplasia in men. DES, a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen was widely prescribed from 1940-1970 to prevent miscarriage.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A manipulation done by a chiropractor	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A manipulation done by a physiatrist.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A manipulative technique in which the goal of treatment is to balance the tension in opposing ligaments where there is abnormal tension present.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A manipulative treatment in which the restrictive barrier is disengaged and the dysfunctional body part is moved away from the restrictive barrier.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A manufactured skin graft consisting of an outer epidermal layer and/or a dermal layer embedded into an acellular matrix or dermal template forming a biological skin substitute either grown from the patient's own cells, or from other allogeneic or xenogeneic sources, and/or synthetic materials, for example, silicone graft, or combined sources.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mass	Acceptable (foundation metadata concept)
A mature wine is a wine that has reached a point of peak complexity, quality in the mouth and flavor, and before it starts to decay. The maturity can happen at different ages depending on the wine.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A meal plan that offers comparable carbohydrate content from day to day at all meals and snacks. Not based on a set number of calories; intended to meet individuals' nutritional needs and facilitate improved metabolic control.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A measure of the age of a pregnancy which is taken from the woman's last menstrual period (LMP), or the corresponding age of the gestation as estimated by a more accurate method if available. It is typically expressed in weeks and days.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A measure of the difference in the systolic blood pressure of the arm and toe calculated by dividing the blood pressure of the toe by that of the arm	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A measure of the slope of the occlusal plane on the left to the Frankfort horizontal in degrees, related to tooth eruption.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A measure of the slope of the occlusal plane on the right to the Frankfort horizontal in degrees, related to tooth eruption.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A measurement of the occlusal plane to the Frankfort horizontal plane.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A measurement or adjustment of a device or biologic material to the right shape or size so as to conform correctly when introduced or transplanted	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A medical audit of ancillary services (such as physical therapy, dietary)	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A medical audit of direct care providers	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A medical certificate or doctor's note is a written statement from a physician or other medically qualified health care provider which attests to the result of a medical examination of a patient.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A medical or surgical process in which an organ, tissue, or cells from one individual (the donor, which may be from the patient or from another individual) are moved and implanted into a recipient individual.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A medical practitioner whose practice is limited to the care of patients in a hospital emergency department.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A medication regime which is complicated to manage. For example, one that involves multiple medications or a single medication with a complex regime e.g. insulin.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A medicinal product prepared under the supervision of a clinician from a recipe of constituent ingredient substances for an individual patient or specific patient group.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A meningeal route that begins within the dura.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A meningeal route that begins within the space surrounding the dura mater of the spinal cord.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A meningeal route that begins within the space surrounding the dura mater within the epidural space.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A metabolic disorder characterized by prolonged apnea after the use of certain anesthetic drugs, including the muscle relaxants succinylcholine or mivacurium and other ester local anesthetics. The duration of the prolonged apnea varies significantly depending on the extent of the enzyme deficiency. It is caused by mutations in the BCHE located on chromosome 3 (3q26.1-3q26.2) and multiple atypical variants have been identified. The condition is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A metal alloy that forms an outer mesh structure with an inner polymer tube.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method for transforming a medicinal product from its manufactured dose form, which is a concentrate, to its administrable dose form, by diluting it in a liquid to obtain a solution at the proper concentration.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a dose form as tiny drops or fine powder.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a dose form by being placed into a body cavity.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a dose form by being placed within a tissue of the body.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a dose form by blowing it into a body cavity.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a dose form by chewing or biting prior to allowing to pass down the throat.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a dose form by introducing it into the body, usually after puncturing the skin; typically used for small volumes of liquid administered over a brief duration.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a dose form by placing it in the mouth and allowing it to dissipate; the product is usually then swallowed.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a dose form by placing or spreading on a body surface.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a dose form by taking into the mouth and allowing to pass down the throat.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a dose form by using the tongue and muscles of the mouth to dissolve it.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a dose form gradually, possibly drop by drop.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a dose form into the respiratory tract by breathing, sucking or sniffing.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a dose form through a dialysis system.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a liquid dose form by flushing it through or flow over a body area.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a liquid dose form by flushing it through, flowing it over, or cleansing a body area.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a liquid dose form by rinsing the oropharyngeal area with the head held back and breath expired to produce a bubbling.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of administration of a liquid dose form usually slowly and over a prolonged period of time and typically in larger volumes by introducing it into the circulatory system or into a body cavity.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of counting entities performed in a manual way. This method is intended to be used for counting various entities including cells, cell particles, organisms, and spermatozoa.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method of counting entities performed in an automated way. This method is intended to be used for counting various entities including cells, cell particles, organisms, and spermatozoa.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A method used to accurately capture and study eye movements. It works by using specialized cameras to track the position and motion of the eyes, recording these movements for detailed analysis.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A microdeletion occurring on the short (p) arm of chromosome 16 at a location designated p12.2. Common characteristics of this disease include developmental delay, delayed speech, intellectual disability, hypotonia, short stature, microcephaly, cardiac malformations, recurrent epilepsy, psychiatric and behavioral problems. Manifestations vary even among affected members of the same family. Inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern with incomplete penetrance, in almost all known cases the chromosomal change has been inherited from a parent	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A microorganism is categorized as "Resistant" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic failure even when there is increased exposure.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A microorganism is categorized as "Susceptible, Increased exposure" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success because exposure to the agent is increased by adjusting the dosing regimen or by its concentration at the site of infection.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A microorganism is categorized as "Susceptible, standard dosing regimen" when there is a high likelihood of therapeutic success using a standard dosing regimen of the agent.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A microsatellite is defined as the presence of a microscopic cutaneous, discontinuous metastasis found adjacent or deep to a primary melanoma.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mid-life onset distal myopathy with characteristics of tibialis anterior weakness and progressive respiratory muscle involvement present from the onset of the disease. It has been described in three generations of a family (11 patients). Transmission is autosomal dominant and an anticipation phenomenon is suspected. No genes have yet been identified.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mid-to-late diastolic murmur heard best at the cardiac apex, heard in cases of aortic insufficiency.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mild form of axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, a peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, characterized by distal legs sensory loss and weakness that can be asymmetric. Tendon reflexes are reduced in the knees and absent in ankles. Progression is slow.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mild form of familial adenomatous polyposis characterized by the presence of fewer than 100 adenomatous colonic polyps, a more proximal colonic location, a delayed age of colorectal cancer onset and a more limited expression of the extracolonic features.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mild form of familial primary hypomagnesemia (FPH), characterized by extreme weakness, tetany and convulsions. Secondary disturbances in calcium excretion are observed.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mild subtype of autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by a variable onset (ranging from infancy to adolescence) of progressive proximal upper and lower limb muscle weakness and atrophy. Mild scapular winging, calf hypertrophy, and lack of respiratory and cardiac involvement are also observed.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mild subtype of citrin deficiency characterized clinically by low birth weight, failure to thrive, transient intrahepatic cholestasis, multiple aminoacidemia, galactosemia, hypoproteinemia, hepatomegaly, decreased coagulation factors, hemolytic anemia, variable but mostly mild liver dysfunction, and hypoglycemia.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A minimally invasive surgical procedure which involves the use of specialized endoscopic instruments and equipment to access and treat the spine through two small incisions. The term "unilateral" refers to the fact that the procedure is performed on one side of the spine.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mitochondrial disorder of long chain fatty acid oxidation characterized in most patients by onset in infancy or early childhood with hypoketotic hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, liver disease, hypotonia and frequently cardiac involvement with arrhythmias and/or cardiomyopathy. Caused by the isolated deficiency of long chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, an enzyme of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein complex (TFP). TFP is a heterooctamer of 4 alpha and 4 beta subunits. The disease is due to mutations in the HADHA gene (2p23) that encodes for the alpha subunit of TFP. Mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency is clinically indistinguishable from this disease.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with characteristics of myoclonic seizures. Patients usually present during adolescence or early adulthood with myoclonic epilepsy, sometimes with neurosensory deafness, optic atrophy, short stature or peripheral neuropathy. The disease is progressive with worsening of the epilepsy and onset of additional symptoms including ataxia, deafness, muscle weakness, and dementia. Caused by mutations in the mitochondrial DNA.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder characterized by hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy, failure to thrive, myopathy with generalized hypotonia and increased creatine kinase, developmental delay and/or regression with cerebral atrophy on brain MRI, renal manifestations including chronic renal failure, renal tubular acidosis and lactic acidosis. Additional clinical features include seizures and respiratory failure.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mixed autoinflammatory and autoimmune syndrome disorder with characteristics of recurrent neutrophilic blistering skin lesions, arthralgia, ocular inflammation, inflammatory bowel disease, absence of autoantibodies, and mild immunodeficiency manifested by recurrent sinopulmonary infections and deficiency of circulating antibodies. Inflammatory phenotype is not provoked by cold temperatures. Caused by heterozygous mutation in the PLCG2 gene on chromosome 16q.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mixed epithelial neoplasm that is composed of both neuroendocrine and non neuroendocrine components with variable proportions for each component.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mixed neuronal-glial tumor representing a histological spectrum of the same tumor. They are usually supratentorially located, large, cystic masses with a peripheral solid component, characterized by prominent desmoplastic stroma and pleomorphic populations of neoplastic cells with either astrocytic or ganglionic differentiation and poorly differentiated cells in variable proportions. They usually present in the first 18 months of age with rapid head growth, bulging anterior fontanel and bone structures over the tumor, signs of raised intracranial pressure (headache, vomiting, papilledema), focal neurological signs and sometimes seizures.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A mixture used for intravenous nutrition, which may include protein, carbohydrate, fat, minerals and electrolytes, vitamins and other trace elements for patients who cannot eat or absorb enough food through tube feeding formula or by mouth to maintain good nutrition status.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A monogenic disease with epilepsy characterized by developmental delay and infantile spasms in the first months of life, followed by chorea and generalized dystonia and progressing to quadriplegic dyskinesia, recurrent status dystonicus, intractable focal epilepsy and severe intellectual disability. Caused by mutation in the aristaless-related homeobox gene (ARX) on chromosome Xp21.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A motion or state where one end of a part is twisted about a longitudinal axis while the opposite end is held fast or turned in the opposite direction.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A multimodal process of optimizing functional status prior to surgery with the aim of maintaining a normal level of functioning after surgery in order to improve postoperative outcome.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)

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Reference Sets

Reference set descriptor

GB English

US English

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Id	Description	Lang	Type	Status	Case?	Module
900000000001115012	United States of America English language reference set	en	Synonym (core metadata concept)	Active	Entire term case sensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)
900000000001116013	US English	en	Synonym (core metadata concept)	Active	Entire term case sensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)
900000000001117016	United States of America English language reference set (foundation metadata concept)	en	Fully specified name	Active	Entire term case sensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)