900000000000509007: United States of America English language reference set (foundation metadata concept)

SNOMED CT Concept\SNOMED CT Model Component\Foundation metadata concept (foundation metadata concept)\Reference set\Language type reference set (foundation metadata concept)\English [International Organization for Standardization 639-1 code en] language reference set (foundation metadata concept)\US English

Status: current, Not sufficiently defined by necessary conditions definition status (core metadata concept). Date: 31-Jan 2002. Module: SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)

Descriptions:

Expanded Value Set

Outbound Relationships	Type	Target	Active	Characteristic	Refinability	Group	Values
US English	Is a	English [International Organization for Standardization 639-1 code en] language reference set (foundation metadata concept)	true	Inferred relationship	Some

Members	acceptabilityId
A diet with a reduced amount of fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols in the diet.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A diet with an overall lower amount of FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, and monosaccharides and polyols) but with reintroduction of these to assess tolerance of individual foods.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A diet with an overall lower amount of fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols but permits a range of FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide and polyol) containing foods based on the subject's diet tolerance.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A difference in the height of the marginal edges of adjacent teeth.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A difficult or dangerous health situation that needs urgent attention.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A digestive tract route that begins in the gastrointestinal tract (from the upper esophagus through the rectum).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A digestive tract route that begins in the intestine (from the duodenum through the colon).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A digestive tract route that begins in the mouth.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dilation and a stretching	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dilation and stretching done by manipulation	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dilation done with a bougie	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A direct photographic image of the anterior teeth.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A direct photographic image of the face of a patient with the lips in a relaxed position.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A directive, client-centered nutrition counseling style for eliciting behavior change by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disease caused by monosodium urate crystal deposition with any of the following clinical presentations (current or prior): gout flare, chronic gouty arthritis, or subcutaneous tophus.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disease of the brain characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate epileptic seizures.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 13 deficiency	Acceptable (foundation metadata concept)
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 13 deficiency (ADAMTS13)	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 13 deficiency (disorder)	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder characterized by a decline primarily in intellectual function due to disease of the brain caused by a variety of acquired conditions such as cerebrovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, infections, adverse drug reactions and trauma.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder characterized by inflammation of both the brain and the spinal cord.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder characterized by the presence of RPE (retinal pigment epithelium) disruption within the posterior pole over regions of choroidal thickening in eyes, showing no evidence of active or prior CSC (central serous chorioretinopathy).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder defined as retinal pigment disturbances including hypopigmentation and hyperpigmentation in colour fundus photographs that typically corresponded to hyperfluorescence and hypofluorescence in fluorescein angiogram images within or overlapping areas previously occupied by CNV (choroidal neovascularization).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder defining by the association of Perineal hemangioma, External genitalia malformations, Lipomyelomeningocele, Vesicorenal abnormalities, Imperforate anus, and Skin tag. Eleven cases have been reported.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder in which a caregiver deliberately exaggerates, fabricates, or induces physical, psychological, or behavioral health problems in another person, typically someone under their care, such as a child, elderly adult, or an individual with a disability. This behavior is driven by a psychological need in the caregiver to gain attention and sympathy by having others (the person under their care) seen as ill or injured.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder in which an individual deliberately and intentionally feigns, falsifies or exaggerates symptoms of illness in themselves for the primary purpose of assuming the sick role and to gain medical attention, without obvious external incentives for such behavior.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder in which there is abnormal electrical activity in the heart associated with a genetic disorder.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder in which there is abnormal electrical activity in the heart.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder of glyoxylate metabolism that can be asymptomatic or have manifestation of oxalate nephrolithiasis. This disease has a less severe course that primary hyperoxaluria type 1 or type 2, and may be silent or limited to stone formation, sometimes even improving over time. While hyperoxaluria persists in primary hyperoxaluria type 3, nephrocalcinosis and chronic kidney failure are uncommon and systemic involvement has not been reported so far. Caused by mutations in the 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase 1 (HOGA1) gene located to 10q24.1. Transmission is autosomal recessive	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder of joint(s) caused by the presence of an infectious agent in the joint(s).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder of sex development (DSD) characterized by the presence of female external genitalia, ambiguous genitalia or variable defects in virilization in a 46,XY individual with absent or partial responsiveness to age-appropriate levels of androgens. It comprises two clinical subgroups: complete AIS (CAIS) and partial AIS (PAIS).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder of sex development (DSD) distinct from complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) characterized by the presence of abnormal genital development in a 46,XY individual with normal testis development and partial responsiveness to age-appropriate levels of androgens. The condition is due to missense mutations in the androgen receptor (AR) gene (Xq11-12) coding for the AR nuclear transcription factor, and results in variable degrees of AR function. The condition is X-linked recessive.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder of the nervous system white matter and myelin resulting in hypomyelination and in some cases also demyelination. There are different combinations of signs and symptoms of the disease, at the most severe end of the spectrum is hypomyelination with atrophy of the basal ganglia and cerebellum (H-ABC). At the mildest end is isolated hypomyelination. The features in other individuals with TUBB4A-related leukodystrophy fall in between these two extremes. The disease is caused by mutations in the TUBB4A gene, which provides instructions for making a protein called beta-tubulin. Inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern however most cases are the result of de novo mutations in the gene.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder of the skin and immune system with initial manifestation of a bumpy skin rash usually between the ages of 6 and 12 months, gradually spreading from the arms and legs to the torso and face. At about age 2, the rash fades leaving hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation and telangiectases, this combination is known as poikiloderma. Palmoplantar keratoderma, calcinosis cutis, skin ulcers, pachyonychia, fragile teeth and low bone density may also be present. Chronic neutropenia is present resulting in recurrent sinus infections and pneumonia, especially in the first few years of life. Caused by mutations in the USB1 gene.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder of the superior trunk of the brachial plexus or the fifth and sixth cervical spinal nerves or motor roots, resulting in weakness of proximal upper extremity musculature innervated by these nerve roots	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder that affects the myocardial ion channels, altering the electrical properties of the heart and changing the ECG and/or predisposing the subject to pro-arrhythmic events.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder that follows infection but is distinct from the infection itself and its usual manifestations	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder that is characterized by the association of a non-progressive congenital ataxia, severe intellectual deficit, optic atrophy and structural anomalies of the skin vessels. It has been described in five children from a large consanguineous Lebanese family. Short stature and microcephaly were also reported. Transmission is autosomal recessive.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder that is due to increased acid bile synthesis is an intestinal disease of unknown etiology characterized by an overproduction of bile acids which leads to chronic watery diarrhea.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder which is not a natural consequence or progression of any pre-existing disorder, resulting from a diagnostic procedure or any form of therapy that is not an intended or expected outcome of its use.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder which occurs during cataract surgery following administration at some time in the past (potentially years) of a substance with alpha-1 adrenergic receptor antagonist mechanism of action. Progressive pupil constriction is seen together with a flaccid iris that billows and prolapses towards the surgical incision.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder, which is not a natural consequence or progression of any pre-existing disorder, resulting from a diagnostic procedure or any form of therapy that is not an intended or expected outcome of its use administered within a healthcare system.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disorder, which is not a natural consequence or progression of any pre-existing disorder, resulting from a diagnostic procedure or any form of therapy that is not an intended or expected outcome.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A disposition pertaining to the pathogenesis of a disease or illness	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A distal placement of the mandibular molar, a mesial relationship of the maxillary, or a combination of the two. The mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molar occludes mesial to the buccal groove of the mandibular first molar, usually near the embrasure between the mandibular molar and second premolar. Subdivision of any malocclusion category denotes a unilateral malocclusion classification.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A distinct form of Crouzon disease associated with acanthosis nigricans caused by a specific mutation (p.Ala391Glu) in the transmembrane domain of FGFR3. The disease is transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner with variable penetrance.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A distinct form of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in which this chromosomal anomaly is found de novo or in therapy-related AML cases, and is characterized by frequent extramedullary involvement (mainly hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathies, cutaneous infiltration, but also gum, bone, central nervous system, testicles involvement), severe coagulation disorder (disseminated intravascular coagulopathy or primary fibrinolysis) and poor prognosis. Morphologically, a blast population with a myelomonocytic stage of differentiation is observed.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A distinct sub-group of genetic generalized epilepsy that includes only four epilepsy syndromes: childhood absence epilepsy, juvenile absence epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, and epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A diverse group of techniques designed to remove impediments to lymphatic circulation and promote and augment the flow of interstitial fluid and lymph.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A division made transversely across a long axis	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dose form that displays properties between those of a liquid and those of a solid.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dose form that displays properties of a gas.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dose form that displays properties of a liquid.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dose form that displays properties of a solid.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dose form that is an assembly of components for intrauterine delivery driven by external forces.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dose form that is an assembly of components for transdermal delivery driven by external forces.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dose form transformation that occurs immediately before administration, often when the dose form is subjected to heat either directly or by addition to hot water to create the vapor.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dose form transformation that occurs when a solid dose form is mixed with a suitable liquid to create a solution. This may occur as part of the dispensing act or immediately before administration.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dose form transformation that occurs when a solid or liquid dose form is mixed with a suitable liquid to create a suspension or when a solid dose form is mixed with a suitable liquid to create a solution. This may occur as part of the dispensing act or immediately before administration.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dose form transformation that occurs when a solid or liquid dose form is mixed with a suitable liquid to create a suspension. This may occur as part of the dispensing act or immediately before administration.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A drug hypersensitivity reaction with a relatively long latency period after exposure characterized by rash, fever, lymphadenopathy, hematologic abnormalities including eosinophilia and atypical lymphocytosis and internal organ involvement. Clinical presentation is highly variable. Eosinophilia is present in 50-90% of cases.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A duplicated gallbladder resulting from an accessory gallbladder, which may be ductular or trabecular.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A dysostosis with predominant vertebral and costal involvement and characteristics of oropharyngeal atresia, mild mandibulofacial dysostosis, auricular malformations, and costovertebral anomalies (hemivertebrae, block vertebra, partial fusion of the ribs, absent ribs). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1989.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A facility whose role is to provide care from the night to the morning hours.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A factor activity level <1 percent of normal.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A factor activity level of >5 percent of normal and <40 percent of normal.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A factor activity level ≥1 percent of normal and ≤5 percent of normal.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A faint	Acceptable (foundation metadata concept)
A familial condition where too much aldosterone is produced by the adrenal glands which can lead to lowered levels of potassium in the blood.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A familial form of essential thrombocythemia, a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by a sustained elevation of platelet number with a tendency for thrombosis and hemorrhage. Patients commonly manifest microcirculatory disturbances or vaso-motor events. The disease is less frequently associated with an increased risk of hemorrhage, mild splenomegaly, and progression towards myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia or transformation to leukemia. The genetic cause of the inherited predisposition is not known. Transmission appears to be autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A familial type of self-limited focal epilepsy with onset typically between day two and seven of life. Seizures are focal tonic at onset, affecting the head, face, and limbs. Focal clonic or tonic seizures may evolve to bilateral tonic or clonic seizures. Onset may alternate between hemispheres. Autonomic features (apnea and cyanosis) can be seen. Seizure semiology may progress in a sequential pattern with tonic, clonic, myoclonic and autonomic features following each other without a single predominant feature. Clusters of seizures can occur over hours or days with the neonate behaving normally between events. Developmental progress is usually normal. The electroencephalogram (EEG) background is normal or has minor nonspecific abnormalities. Focal interictal epileptiform abnormalities can be seen in the central, centrotemporal or frontotemporal regions. MRI is normal or has nonspecific findings. Pathogenic variants are seen in KCNQ2, KCNQ3 and SCN2A.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A fear of spiders that may cause feelings of unease or dislike but is mild and manageable and doesn't typically interfere with daily life. Unlike arachnophobia which is a severe and debilitating condition that significantly impacts a person's life.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A fear that may be due to personal sensitivity, negative associations or social conditioning where people are taught from a young age to avoid unpleasant odors. It is not excessive and does not lead to significant anxiety and does not interfere with the individual's daily life and activities.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A fear that may be due to social situations, inability to maintain personal hygiene or specific health conditions. It is not excessive or irrational.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A fibroma of the gums with calcification and possibly ossification	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A financial audit to review and/or verify charges	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A financial procedure that assesses a financial situation	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A finding of decreased blood pressure; not necessarily a hypotensive disorder.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A finding of increased blood pressure; not necessarily a hypertensive disorder.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A finding of mandible bone height in edentulous patients by examination of the oral cavity in prosthodontics; part of prosthodontic classification in assessment for dentures/devices.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A firmly held false belief (delusion) that certain thoughts are being placed in one's mind by others.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A firmly held false belief (delusion) that involves an external force or person controlling one's actions.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A firmly held false belief (delusion) that involves an external force or person controlling one's feelings, impulses, thoughts, or behavior.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A firmly held false belief (delusion) that involves an external force or person controlling one's handwriting.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A firmly held false belief (delusion) that involves an external force or person controlling one's thoughts.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A firmly held false belief (delusion) that involves an external force or person controlling one's voice.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A firmly held false belief (delusion) that one's thoughts are accessible by others so that others know what one is thinking.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A firmly held false belief (delusion) that one's thoughts are being removed by an outside person or force.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A first aid technique to unblock the airway in cases of choking. when abdominal thrusts would be dangerous (such as in infants) or impossible (such as in pregnant women). In a chest thrust, the first-aider places a fist in the other hand, and, pressing against the lower breastbone, thrusts the chest wall inwards up to five times. The pressure simulates the coughing reflex and may expel the obstruction.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A first neurologic episode caused by inflammation/demyelination of one or more central nervous system sites that lasts at least 24 hours.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A fistula route that begins within a mucous fistula.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A fixation that is being revised	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A fixation that joins together two body parts, rendering them immobile with respect to each other	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A flat lesion, less than 2 cm in diameter, not raised above the surface of the surrounding skin	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A flat mandibular plane angle correlates with short anterior facial vertical dimensions (height) and anterior deep bite malocclusion.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A fluid-filled, raised, often translucent lesion, greater than 1 cm in diameter	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A focal to bilateral tonic-clonic epileptic seizure of more than 5 minutes duration.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A follicular lesion of the thyroid encompasses a wide range of diseases, and refers to the microscopic finding of follicular cells before a specific diagnosis.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A force that approximates two structures.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) with characteristics of extreme skin fragility and laxity, a prominent facial gestalt, excessive bruising and sometimes major complications due to visceral and vascular fragility.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A form of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS), with characteristic of spontaneous dissection of medium-sized arteries during young adulthood including mainly the iliac, femoral and renal arteries.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)

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Reference Sets

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US English

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Id	Description	Lang	Type	Status	Case?	Module
900000000001115012	United States of America English language reference set	en	Synonym (core metadata concept)	Active	Entire term case sensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)
900000000001116013	US English	en	Synonym (core metadata concept)	Active	Entire term case sensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)
900000000001117016	United States of America English language reference set (foundation metadata concept)	en	Fully specified name	Active	Entire term case sensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)