900000000000509007: United States of America English language reference set (foundation metadata concept)

SNOMED CT Concept\SNOMED CT Model Component\Foundation metadata concept (foundation metadata concept)\Reference set\Language type reference set (foundation metadata concept)\English [International Organization for Standardization 639-1 code en] language reference set (foundation metadata concept)\US English

Status: current, Not sufficiently defined by necessary conditions definition status (core metadata concept). Date: 31-Jan 2002. Module: SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)

Descriptions:

Expanded Value Set

Outbound Relationships	Type	Target	Active	Characteristic	Refinability	Group	Values
US English	Is a	English [International Organization for Standardization 639-1 code en] language reference set (foundation metadata concept)	true	Inferred relationship	Some

Members	acceptabilityId
A Z-shaped cut in the first metatarsal in order to separate the head of the plantar half of the shaft from the rest of the bone. This allows the head-shaft complex to be translated and rotated in order to achieve correction of the deformity while maintaining articular congruity.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A acquired demyelinating neuropathy disease with characteristics of acute symmetric monophasic sensory neuropathy without motor involvement, typically manifesting with numbness in the distal lower limbs which progressively extends to all the limb, tingling sensation in the distal lower limbs, generalized areflexia and unsteady gait as well as clumsiness of the upper limbs, pseudoathetosis and loss of vibration sense.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A alphanumeric labels	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A alphanumeric labels (qualifier value)	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A antigen	Acceptable (foundation metadata concept)
A band	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A band (cell structure)	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A benign epithelial ovarian tumor characterized by a usually unilateral, cystic, unilocular or multilocular lesion with a thin wall or septa and no intracystic solid portion on imaging. It often presents with abdominal pain or an asymptomatic abdominal mass and can be associated with ovarian torsion or malignant transformation.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A benign form of holoprosencephaly characterized by midline defects without the typical HPE defect in brain cleavage and which can variably manifest with microcephaly, hypotelorism, midline cleft lip and/or flat nose, choanal stenosis, pyriform sinus stenosis, coloboma as well as a single median maxillary incisor.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A benign pituitary gland neoplasm occurring separately from and without involvement of the sella turcica.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A benign proliferation of pigment cells of the oral mucosa producing brown or bluish dome-shaped or sessile mass, usually with a smooth surface.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A benign tumor invasive into adjacent structures.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A benign vasoproliferative lesion in which lymph node sinuses become converted to anastomosing endothelial-lined channels.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A bilateral tonic-clonic epileptic seizure of more than 5 minutes duration. The seizure may be focal, generalized or unknown onset.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A biofield therapy that relies upon a belief in an invisible energy that may be transmitted from healer to patient through intention.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A bleeding disorder associated with a decreased ability to form blood clots resulting in increased risk of epistaxis, heavy or prolonged bleeding following minor injury or surgery, ecchymosis and menorrhagia. The disease can be caused by mutations in the GP6 gene, leading to the production of no glycoprotein VI (GPVI) protein, an abnormally short, nonfunctional GPVI protein; or a protein that is less able to bind to collagen. Without GPVI binding to collagen, platelets cannot come together efficiently to form a clot. The disease may also be acquired rather than inherited and such cases are associated with autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A bleeding disorder with characteristics of mild to moderate mucocutaneous bleeding, which becomes more pronounced during pregnancy or following ingestion of drugs that have anti-platelet activity. This disease is due to hyperresponsive platelets, resulting in thrombocytopenia.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A blood group typing	Acceptable (foundation metadata concept)
A blood pressure observable where placement of several pneumatic cuffs on the limbs determine the pressure at multiple locations in efforts to localize arterial occlusions	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A blood pressure that refers to the average over a cardiac cycle	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A blood pressure which is observed by a non-invasive procedure, one that does not involve entry into a patient such using as a pressure cuff	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A blood pressure which is observed by an invasive procedure, one that involves entry into a patient such as inserting a cannula needle in an artery	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A board-certified physician who has finished residency training and is pursuing subspecialization within an area of interest.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A body cavity route of administration by entry into the peritoneum.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A body cavity route that begins within the bladder cavity.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A body cavity route that begins within the uterine cavity.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A brain malformation due to abnormal neuronal migration, in which a subset of neurons fails to migrate into the developing cerebral cortex and remains as nodules that line the ventricular surface. Classical periventricular nodular heterotopia is a rare X-linked dominant disorder far more frequent in females who present normal intelligence to borderline intellectual deficit, epilepsy of variable severity and extra-central nervous system signs, especially cardiovascular defects or coagulopathy. The disorder is generally associated with prenatal lethality in males.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A broad spectrum of other macroreentrant tachycardias in which the wave front does not travel around the tricuspid annulus. Atypical atrial flutter originates from the left atrium or areas in the right atrium (such as surgical scars) and has a variable appearance on ECG in regards to the flutter waves.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A broad term that encompasses several types of imaging studies that use ionizing radiation for visualization of internal parts of the body using X-ray techniques, for example computed tomography.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A broader region is formed by the union of the posterior and lateral chest walls.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A bungee cord is a long nylon-cased rubber band with hooks at each end that is used for securing luggage and other items.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A calculation using actual body weight divided by usual body weight and expressed as a percentage.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A calorie-controlled, prepackaged product in the form of a bar or beverage that replaces a regular meal.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A canal that runs from optic disc to lens that contains the hyaloid artery in the fetus	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A cancer that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A card carried in order to alert others in an emergency situation that the card holder has diabetes.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A care management intervention that is implemented when a patient is discharged to home with a device.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A cataract involving the nucleus of the lens	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A cauterization done with thermal energy.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A central nervous system malformation syndrome with characteristics of holoprosencephaly with microcephaly, abnormal eye morphology (hypotelorism, cyclopia, exophthalmos), nasal anomalies (single nostril or absent nose), and cleft lip/palate, combined with signs of caudal regression (sacral agenesis, sirenomelia with absent external genitalia).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A cephalometric plane between soft tissue components of the head.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A cerebral malformation with characteristics of symmetric, bilateral pachygyria with normal head circumference and without polymicrogyria. Clinical manifestations include developmental delay, moderate intellectual disability, normal or slightly decreased muscle tone and deep-tendon reflexes, telecanthus or hypertelorism.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A certificate which provides authorization to obtain planned health treatment in another EU (European Union) or EFTA (European Free Trade Association) country.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A change in the process of overseeing the medications prescribed for a patient to ensure they are taken properly and achieving their planned, therapeutic outcome.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A characteristic ruxolitinib discontinuation syndrome includes an acute relapse of disease symptoms, splenomegaly, and occasional hemodynamic decompensation. Symptoms can appear from less than 24 hours to up to 3 weeks after the abrupt discontinuation of ruxolitinib.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A characteristic selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) discontinuation syndrome is usually mild, commences within 1 week of stopping treatment, resolves spontaneously within 3 weeks, and consists of diverse physical and psychological symptoms, the commonest being dizziness, nausea, lethargy and headache. SSRI reinstatement leads to resolution within 48 hours.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A chart evaluation performed by a physician.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A chart related administrative procedure done by the medical records department	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A chart related administrative procedure that involves abstracting information from the chart	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A chart-related administrative procedure that checks a chart for completion and accuracy and conformance to chart policy.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A chart-related administrative procedure that involves opening the chart	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A child who is vulnerable or facing potential harm, neglect, or adverse circumstances that could negatively impact their well-being and development.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A chromosomal condition occurring when a piece of the long (q) arm of chromosome 18 is missing near the center of the chromosome. The disease has a wide range of characteristics including developmental delay, intellectual disability, delayed expressive language skills, recurrent seizures and hypotonia. Macrocephaly may also be associated along with characteristic facial features including prominent forehead, ptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, puffy periorbital tissue, and full cheeks. Most cases of proximal 18q deletion syndrome are the result of a new (de novo) deletion and are not inherited from a parent.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A chromosome microdeletion syndrome with characteristics of neonatal hypotonia, global developmental delay, normal to accelerated growth, absent to severely delayed speech, and minor dysmorphic features.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A chronic autoinflammatory disease in which innate immune response is activated abnormally causing fever and inflammation-related damage to tissues and organs. The episodes can last for several days and occur weeks to months apart, manifestations include erythematous plaques on the skin, abdominal pain, dry eyes, dry mouth, mouth sores, chest pain and gland enlargement. This condition likely results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Variations in the NOD2 gene increase risk and it is suspected that environmental factors such as infections may also play a role in triggering the disease in people with genetic variants that increase their risk. The syndrome appears to be a complex disease without a single genetic cause.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A chronic neuropathic pain syndrome of the abdominal wall caused by entrapment of anterior cutaneous branches of 7 to 12th intercostal nerves along the lateral border of the anterior rectus abdominis fascia.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A classical radical neck dissection (RND) involves excision of fibrofatty tissue and removal of lymph nodes from the mandible superiorly to the clavicle inferiorly (level I to level V), and in the unmodified procedure encompasses the sternocleidomastoid muscle, spinal accessory nerve and the internal jugular vein and may include additional structures such as the submandibular gland.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A client assessment of their congruence to agreed upon nutrition related self monitoring.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A client assessment of their congruence with agreed upon nutrition related self management.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A clinical disease characterized by elevated serum IgG4 concentration and tumefaction or tissue infiltration by IgG4-positive plasma cells.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A clinical subtype of brachydactyly type B characterized by hypoplasia/aplasia of distal and/or middle phalanges in fingers and toes II-V (frequently severe in fingers/toes IV-V, milder in fingers/toes II-III) in association with proximal, and occasionally distal, symphalangism, fusion of carpal/tarsal bones and partial cutaneous syndactyly. Additional reported features include proximal placement of thumbs, sensorineural hearing loss and farsightedness.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A clinically heterogeneous progressive condition with characteristics of a combination of proximal neurogenic muscle weakness, sensory-motor neuropathy, ataxia, and pigmentary retinopathy. NARP syndrome is a maternally inherited syndrome and women can transmit to all their offspring. Clinical severity usually depends on the mutation load.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A clinically oriented interview of a patient or someone familiar with the patient	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A close up view of the teeth from the front of the patient with no set magnification or distance from the patient.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A closed ipsilateral double vertical fracture of the superior pubic ramus and the ischiopubic ramus with fracture or dislocation of the sacroiliac joint.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A closure done by stapling	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A cognitive behavior therapy approach involving a team of professionals all of the same discipline.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A cognitive behavioral technique aimed at increasing an individual's awareness and understanding of what is important or matters most to them, and considering these in relation to their decisions and actions.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A cognitive style that focuses on observable, tangible elements and literal interpretation of the physical world, often overlooking abstract concepts. It is a characteristic of early childhood, with abstract thinking developing later. In adults, persistent concrete thinking may indicate cognitive or developmental issues.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A collaborative nutrition counseling activity between the client and the practitioner in which the client decides from all potential activity recommendations what changes he or she will expend effort to implement.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A collection of extravascular blood in the intracranial subdural space	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A colorless gas with a characteristic foul odor, used as a fuel and shipped as a liquefied compressed gas	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A combination of congenital hyperpigmented and hypopigmented skin lesions coexisting in the same individual.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A common symptom in disorders like schizophrenia with disruption of thought processes causing incoherent and fragmented thinking. It includes tangentiality (drifting off-topic), derailment (unrelated topic shifts), circumstantiality (excessive detail), incoherence (incomprehensible speech), loose associations and neologisms (creating new words).	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A common taste disorder where there is a lingering, often unpleasant taste despite the absence of any stimulus to initiate the distorted taste.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A common type of self-limited focal epilepsy syndrome, which begins typically between four and ten years (peak is seven years; range three to twelve years). Seizures are focal, infrequent (most children have fewer than ten in lifetime), brief (typically less than two to three minutes) and occur mostly in sleep (eighty to ninety percent of children). Individuals may have frequent seizures over a few days or weeks and then several months before subsequent seizure. Focal seizures with characteristic frontoparietal opercular features and/or nocturnal bilateral tonic-clonic seizures are mandatory for diagnosis. Characteristic semiology includes somatosensory symptoms (unilateral numbness or paresthesia of the tongue, lips, gums and inner cheek), orofacial motor signs (unilateral tonic or clonic contractions), speech arrest (dysarthria or anarthria) with preserved understanding, and sialorrhea. Seizures may evolve rapidly to tonic-clonic activity of the ipsilateral upper limb, to an ipsilateral hemiclonic seizure, or to a focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure. Todd paresis may occur postictally. Seizures occurring during sleep are seen within one hour of falling asleep or one to two hours prior to awakening. Development and cognition are typically normal. Neurological examination is normal. The electroencephalogram (EEG) background activity is normal. EEG must show centrotemporal biphasic epileptiform discharges which are characteristically high-amplitude complexes (less than 200 microvolts, peak to trough) that activate in drowsiness and sleep. MRI is normal or has nonspecific findings.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A complex composed of aspartate aminotransferase and immunoglobulin.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by a spastic paraplegia presenting in adolescence, associated with the additional manifestations of sensorial hearing impairment due to auditory neuropathy and persistent vomiting due to a hiatal or paraesophageal hernia.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by delays in motor development followed by a slowly progressive spastic paraplegia (affecting mainly lower extremities) associated with a desquamating facial rash with butterfly distribution (presenting at around two months of age) and dysarthria. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by spastic paraplegia, demyelinating peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy, poikiloderma (manifesting with loss of eyebrows and eyelashes in childhood in addition to delicate, smooth, and wasted skin) and distal amyotrophy (presenting after puberty). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A complex form of hereditary spastic paraplegia, characterized by an onset in childhood or adulthood of progressive spastic paraplegia (with spastic gait, spasticity, lower limb weakness, pes cavus and urinary urgency) associated with the additional manifestation of peripheral sensorimotor neuropathy.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A complex form of young-onset Parkinson disease that manifests with pyramidal signs, eye movement abnormalities, psychiatric manifestations (depression, anxiety, drug-induced psychosis, and impulse control disorders), intellectual disability, and other neurological symptoms (such as ataxia and epilepsy) along with classical parkinsonian symptoms.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A complex hereditary spastic paraplegia characterized by progressive lower limbs weakness and spasticity, upper limbs weakness, dysarthria, hypomimia, sphincter disturbances, peripheral neuropathy, learning difficulties, cognitive impairment and dementia. Magnetic resonance imaging shows thin corpus callosum, cerebral atrophy, and periventricular white matter changes.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A complex hereditary spastic paraplegia with characteristics of delayed motor development, spasticity and inability to walk, later progressing to quadriplegia, motor aphasia, bowel and bladder dysfunction. Patients also present with vision problems and mild intellectual disability. The disease affects only males.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A complex hereditary spastic paraplegia with characteristics of mild to severe lower limbs spasticity, hyperreflexia, extensor plantar responses, pes cavus and significant wasting and weakness of the small hand muscles. Impaired vibration sensation, temporal lobe epilepsy and cognitive dysfunction were also reported.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A complex hereditary spastic paraplegia with characteristics of progressive spastic paraplegia, upper and lower limb muscle atrophy, hyperreflexia, extensor plantar responses, pes cavus and occasionally impaired vibration sense.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A complex mixture consisting of allergenic proteins derived from natural sources used for allergy diagnosis by skin or provocation testing.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A complex mixture consisting of allergenic proteins derived from natural sources used for allergy treatment by subcutaneous or oral/sublingual route.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A complex mixture consisting of allergenic proteins derived from natural sources. May be used for diagnosis or therapy. Extracts used for diagnosis have the same active ingredients as those used for therapy but may differ by concentration, diluent or other additives.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A component has been made inactive because it duplicates another component of the same type. E.g. A description that duplicates another description or a concept that duplicates another concept.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A component that contains a technical error.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A component that fails to comply with the current editorial guidance.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A composite graft is a small graft containing skin and underlying cartilage or other tissue.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A concentric contraction against resistance in which the angular change of joint motion is at the same rate and the counterforce is less than the patient force.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A concept that represents the top (or root) of a SNOMED CT association hierarchy.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A condition characterized by loss of skeletal muscle mass, primarily in the elderly but can be associated with other conditions that are not exclusively seen in older people.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A condition following an arterial switch operation to correct transposition of the great arteries, in which the old aortic root becomes the new pulmonary root and where outflow of blood from the right ventricle of the heart is obstructed at the level of the pulmonic valve.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A condition following an arterial switch operation to correct transposition of the great arteries, in which the old aortic root becomes the new pulmonary root and where the new pulmonary valve does not prevent backflow to the right ventricle.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A condition following an arterial switch operation to correct transposition of the great arteries, in which the old pulmonary root becomes the new aortic root and where the new aortic valve does not prevent backflow to the left ventricle.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)
A condition following an arterial switch operation to correct transposition of the great arteries, in which the old pulmonary root becomes the new aortic root and where the new aortic valve is narrowed.	Preferred (foundation metadata concept)

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US English

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Id	Description	Lang	Type	Status	Case?	Module
900000000001115012	United States of America English language reference set	en	Synonym (core metadata concept)	Active	Entire term case sensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)
900000000001116013	US English	en	Synonym (core metadata concept)	Active	Entire term case sensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)
900000000001117016	United States of America English language reference set (foundation metadata concept)	en	Fully specified name	Active	Entire term case sensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)