| Inbound Relationships |
Type |
Active |
Source |
Characteristic |
Refinability |
Group |
| Chronic alcoholic brain syndrome |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Chronic brain-hydrocephalus syndrome |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Chronic non-psychotic brain syndrome |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Paroxysmal dystonia |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Persistent vegetative state |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare neurodegenerative disorder belonging to the group of infantile progressive encephalopathies. Onset occurs during the first few weeks or months of life with hypotonia, poor feeding, drowsiness and abnormal movements. Infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia and seizures appear during the first year of life. Visual loss, abnormal eye movements and optic atrophy also occur during infancy. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. A significant number of patients have been described who displayed most of the diagnostic criteria and features of PEHO syndrome, but did not appear to have cerebral atrophy on MRI, lacked the ophthalmologic signs and showed no reduction in CSF IGF-1 levels. This group of patients was diagnosed with PEHO-like syndrome. The prognosis is poor and most patients die before 15 years of age, mainly as a result of pneumonia or aspiration. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Recurrent complex partial epilepsy |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Frequent episodic tension-type headache (disorder) |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Chronic progressive non-hereditary chorea |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| PEHO-like syndrome is a rare, genetic neurological disease characterized by progressive encephalopathy, early-onset seizures with a hypsarrhythmic pattern, facial and limb edema, severe hypotonia, early arrest of psychomotor development and craniofacial dysmorphism (evolving microcephaly, narrow forehead, short nose, prominent auricles, open mouth, micrognathia), in the absence of neuro-ophthalmic or neuroradiologic findings. Poor visual responsiveness, growth failure and tapering fingers are also associated. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| kronisk progredierende epilepsia partialis continua |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by cutaneous mastocytosis, microcephaly, microtia and/or hearing loss, hypotonia and skeletal anomalies (e.g. clinodactyly, camptodactyly, scoliosis). Additional common features are short stature, intellectual disability and difficulties. Facial dysmorphism may include upslanted palpebral fissures, highly arched palate and micrognathia. Rarely, seizures and asymmetrically small feet have been reported. |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Chronic viral encephalitis |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Chronic organic mental disorder (disorder) |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Chronic anoxic encephalopathy |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Chronic intractable migraine without aura (disorder) |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Recurrent benign focal seizures of childhood |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Intermittent cerebral ischaemia |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Intermittently raised pressure hydrocephalus |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with characteristics of myoclonic seizures. Patients usually present during adolescence or early adulthood with myoclonic epilepsy, sometimes with neurosensory deafness, optic atrophy, short stature or peripheral neuropathy. The disease is progressive with worsening of the epilepsy and onset of additional symptoms including ataxia, deafness, muscle weakness, and dementia. Caused by mutations in the mitochondrial DNA. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Huntington disease-like 3 is a rare Huntington disease-like syndrome characterized by childhood-onset progressive neurologic deterioration with pyramidal and extrapyramidal abnormalities, chorea, dystonia, ataxia, gait instability, spasticity, seizures, mutism, and (on brain MRI) progressive frontal cortical atrophy and bilateral caudate atrophy. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic disorder of thiamine metabolism and transport with characteristics of the childhood-onset of recurrent episodes of flaccid paralysis and encephalopathy, associated with bilateral striatal necrosis and chronic progressive axonal polyneuropathy with proximal and distal muscle weakness, areflexia, contractures and foot deformities. Caused by homozygous mutation in the SLC25A19 gene on chromosome 17q25. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare hereditary spastic ataxia disorder with childhood onset of slowly progressive lower limb spastic paraparesis and cerebellar ataxia (with dysarthria, swallowing difficulties, motor degeneration), associated with sensorimotor neuropathy (including muscle weakness and distal amyotrophy in lower extremities) and progressive myoclonic epilepsy. Ocular signs (ptosis, oculomotor apraxia), dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesia, dystonic movements and myoclonus may also be associated. Caused by homozygous mutation in the AFG3L2 gene on chromosome 18p11. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare hereditary ataxia characterised by early onset symptomatic generalised epilepsy, progressive cerebellar ataxia resulting in significant difficulties to walk or wheelchair dependency, and intellectual disability. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous mutation in the TDP2 gene on chromosome 6p22. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare neuroinflammatory disease characterised by the onset of ataxia, dysarthria and cerebral white matter changes that are triggered by viral infection. Episodic progressive neurodegeneration (manifesting with loss of motor and verbal skills, muscle weakness, further cerebral white matter degeneration and eventually, death) is observed in the absence of haematopathology, cytokine overproduction, fever, hypertriglyceridaemia, hypofibrinogenaemia and hyperferritinemia. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by slowly progressive ataxia, amyotrophy of the hands and distal arms, spastic paraplegia, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, hypogonadism and short stature. Additional features include generalized cerebellar atrophy and peripheral nervous system anomalies. Small cervical spinal cord, intellectual/language disability and localized vitiligo have also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1989. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by childhood to adolescent-onset of action myoclonus, generalized tonic-clonic seizures and slowly progressive, moderate to severe cognitive impairment that may lead to dementia. EEG reveals progressive slowing of background activity and epileptic abnormalities and brain MRI shows cerebellar and brainstem atrophy. There is evidence the disease may be caused by homozygous mutation in the CERS1 gene on chromosome 19p12. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis disorder with characteristics of infantile to early childhood onset of progressive myoclonic seizures (occasionally accompanied by generalised tonic-clonic seizures) and severe progressive neurological regression, leading to psychomotor and cognitive decline, cerebellar ataxia, dementia and, frequently, early death. Vision loss may be associated. EEG typically reveals epileptiform activity with predominance in the posterior region and photosensitivity. Caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the KCTD7 gene on chromosome 7q11. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare hereditary cerebellar ataxia disorder with characteristics of late-onset spinocerebellar ataxia, manifesting with slowly progressive gait disturbances, dysarthria, limb and truncal ataxia and smooth-pursuit eye movement disturbance, associated with a history of psychomotor delay from childhood. Mild atrophy of the cerebellar vermis and hemispheres is observed on brain imaging. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous mutation in the SYT14 gene on chromosome 1q32. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterised by early-onset progressive ataxia associated with myoclonic seizures (frequently associated with other seizure types such as generalised tonic-clonic, absence and drop attacks), scoliosis of variable severity, areflexia, elevated creatine kinase serum levels and relative preservation of cognitive function until late in the disease course. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous mutation in the GOSR2 gene on chromosome 17q21. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterised by early-onset progressive ataxia associated with myoclonic seizures, generalised tonic-clonic seizures (which are often sleep-related) and normal to mild intellectual disability. Dysarthria, upward gaze palsy, sensory neuropathy, developmental delay and autistic disorder have also been associated. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic isolated dystonia with characteristics of a variable combination of cervical dystonia with tremor, blepharospasm, oromandibular and laryngeal dystonia. Dystonia progresses slowly and might spread to become segmental. Arm tremor and myoclonic jerks in the arms or neck have also been reported. Caused by heterozygous mutation in the ANO3 gene on chromosome 11p14. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic congenital muscular dystrophy due to dystroglycanopathy disorder. The disease has characteristics of a wide phenotypic spectrum including hypotonia and muscular weakness, which is present at birth or early infancy and delayed or arrested motor development associated with mild to severe intellectual disability and variable brain abnormalities on neuroimaging studies. Feeding difficulties, joint and spinal deformities, respiratory insufficiency and ocular anomalies (for example strabismus, retinal dystrophy, oculomotor apraxia) may be associated. Decreased or absent alpha-dystroglycan on immunohistochemical muscle staining and elevated serum creatine kinase are observed. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Walker-Warburg congenital muscular dystrophy |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare congenital muscular dystrophy due to dystroglycanopathy with characteristics of proximal muscular weakness with a tendency for muscle hypertrophy and pseudohypertrophy, variable cognitive impairment, microcephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia with or without cysts and other structural brain anomalies. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare fatal inborn error of metabolism disorder with characteristics of respiratory distress and severe hypotonia at birth, severe global developmental delay, early-onset intractable seizures, myopathic facies with craniofacial dysmorphism (trigonocephaly/progressive microcephaly, low anterior hairline, arched eyebrows, hypotelorism, strabismus, small nose, prominent philtrum, thin upper lip, high-arched palate, micrognathia, malocclusion), severe, congenital flexion joint contractures and elevated serum creatine kinase levels. Scoliosis, optic atrophy, mild hepatomegaly, and hypoplastic genitalia may also be associated. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the DPM2 gene on chromosome 9q34. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| This syndrome is characterized by osteopetrosis, agenesis of the corpus callosum, cerebral atrophy and a small hippocampus. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| An extremely rare primary bone dysplasia syndrome with characteristics of short ribs with a narrow chest and thoracic dysplasia, mild rhizomelic shortening of the limbs, communicating hydrocephalus and developmental delay. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1987. |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare disorder characterized by the association of epiphyseal dysplasia, short stature, microcephaly and, in the first reported cases, congenital nystagmus. So far, less than 10 cases have been described in the literature. Variable degrees of intellectual deficit have also been reported. Other occasional features include retinitis pigmentosa and coxa vara. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| An inherited group of small vessel diseases comprised of cerebroretinal vasculopathy (CRV), hereditary vascular retinopathy (HRV) and hereditary endotheliopathy with retinopathy, nephropathy and stroke all exhibiting progressive visual impairment as well as variable cerebral dysfunction. There is evidence the disease is caused by heterozygous mutation in the TREX1 gene on chromosome 3p21. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia disease with characteristics of slowly progressive spinocerebellar ataxia developing during childhood, manifesting with gait and limb ataxia, postural tremor, dysarthria, sensory alterations (for example decreased vibration sense), eye movement anomalies (such as nystagmus, saccadic pursuit, oculomotor apraxia), upper and lower limb fasciculations and hyperreflexia with Babinski signs. Brain imaging reveals cerebellar, pontine, vermian and medullar atrophy. There is evidence the disease is caused by compound heterozygous mutation in the TPP1 gene on chromosome 11p15. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia disease with characteristics of adulthood-onset of slowly progressive spinocerebellar ataxia, manifesting with gait and appendicular ataxia, dysarthria, ocular movement anomalies (for example horizontal, vertical, and/or downbeat nystagmus, hypermetric saccades), increased deep tendon reflexes and progressive cognitive decline. Additional variable features may include proximal leg muscle wasting and fasciculations, pes cavus, inspiratory stridor, epilepsy, retinal degeneration and cataracts. Brain imaging reveals marked cerebellar atrophy and electromyography shows evidence of lower motor neuron involvement. Caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the ANO10 gene on chromosome 3p22. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic congenital muscular alpha-dystroglycanopathy with brain and eye anomalies. The disorder has characteristics of a severe muscle-eye-brain disease-like phenotype associated with intellectual disability, muscular dystrophy, macrocephaly and extended bilateral multicystic white matter disease. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous mutation in the DAG1 gene on chromosome 3p21. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Huntington's chorea |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Non-Alzheimer's progressive dysphasia |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Semantic dementia |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Progressive aphasia |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Mitochondrial NeuroGastroIntestinal Encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) syndrome is characterized by the association of gastrointestinal dysmotility, peripheral neuropathy, chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia and leukoencephalopathy. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Progressive external ophthalmoplegia-myopathy-emaciation syndrome is a rare mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder due to nuclear DNA anomalies characterized by progressive external ophthalmoplegia without diplopia, cerebellar atrophy, proximal skeletal muscle weakness with generalized muscle wasting, profound emaciation, respiratory failure, spinal deformity and facial muscle weakness (manifesting with ptosis, dysphonia, dysphagia and nasal speech). Intellectual disability, gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. nausea, abdominal fullness, and loss of appetite), dilated cardiomyopathy and renal colic have also been reported. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis disorder with characteristics of juvenile-onset progressive spinocerebellar ataxia, bulbar syndrome (manifesting with dysarthria, dysphagia and dysphonia), pyramidal and extrapyramidal involvement (including myoclonus, amyotrophy, unsteady gait, akinesia, rigidity, dysarthric speech) and intellectual deterioration. Muscle biopsy displays autofluorescent bodies and lipofuscin deposits in brain and occasionally the retina upon post mortem. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Progressive focal cortical atrophy |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare X-linked cerebellar ataxia with characteristics of a combination of upper and lower motor neuron signs, with an age of onset in the first or second decade, slow progression, and normal intelligence. Typical features of cerebellar dysfunction include gait and limb ataxia, intention tremor, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesia, dysarthria, nystagmus, and hyperreflexia. Further phenotypic features are pes cavus, scoliosis, muscle atrophy, and peripheral sensory and motor nerve abnormalities. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Van Bogaert's sclerosing leukoencephalitis |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Rett syndrome |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy, Icelandic type |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A very rare autosomal recessive, slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the triad of cerebellar ataxia (that generally manifests at adolescence or early adulthood), chorioretinal dystrophy, which may have a later onset (up to the fifth-sixth decade) leading to variable degrees of visual impairment, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (delayed puberty and lack of secondary sex characteristics). Ataxia-hypogonadism-choroidal dystrophy syndrome belongs to a clinical continuum of neurodegenerative disorders along with the clinically overlapping cerebellar ataxia-hypogonadism syndrome. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Parkinsonian syndrome with idiopathic orthostatic hypotension (disorder) |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Infantile cerebral and cerebellar atrophy with postnatal progressive microcephaly is a rare, central nervous system malformation syndrome characterized by progressive microcephaly with profound motor delay and intellectual disability, associated with hypertonia, spasticity, clonus, and seizures, with brain imaging revealing severe cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, and poor myelination. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Progressive cerebellar ataxia with hypogonadism |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Syndrome with characteristics of congenital cerebellar hypoplasia, endosteal sclerosis, hypotonia, ataxia, mild to moderate developmental delay, short stature, hip dislocation, and tooth eruption disturbances. It has been described in four patients. Less common manifestations are microcephaly, strabismus, nystagmus, optic atrophy and dysarthria. It is appears to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare late-onset neurodegenerative disease with characteristics of supranuclear gaze palsy, postural instability, progressive rigidity, and mild dementia. Five clinical variants have been described with clinicopathological correlations, with Richardson's syndrome the most common clinical variant. The disease has neuropathological manifestations of neuronal loss, gliosis with astrocytic plaques and accumulation of tau-immunoreactive neurofibrillary tangles in specific brain areas. The differences in the rate and areas of accumulation of phosphorylated tau protein correlate with the five clinical variants. The disease is a 4R tauopathy composed of a preponderance of four-repeat (exon 10 positive) tau isoforms and a characteristic biochemical profile (doublet tau 64 and tau 69). The MAPT H1-clade specific sub-haplotype, H1c, is a risk factor for this disease. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Progressive post haemorrhagic ventricular dilatation |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurodegenerative disease characterized by childhood onset of slowly progressive motor and cognitive regression, resulting in intellectual disability and loss of language and ambulation, associated with the appearance of dystonia, parkinsonism, chorea, or rigidity. Ataxia, dysarthria, and seizures have also been reported. Head circumference percentiles may decline over time. Brain imaging shows progressive cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, in some patients also thinning of the corpus callosum. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic neurological disorder characterized by early-onset severe global developmental delay with regression, congenital or acquired microcephaly, hearing loss, truncal hypotonia, appendicular spasticity, and dystonia and/or myoclonus. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurodegenerative disease characterized by sudden onset of progressive motor deterioration and regression of developmental milestones. Manifestations include dystonia and muscle spasms, dysphagia, dysarthria, and eventually loss of speech and ambulation. Brain MRI shows predominantly striatal abnormalities. The disease is potentially associated with a fatal outcome. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurodegenerative disease characterized by neonatal to infantile onset of hypotonia, developmental delay, regression of motor skills with distal amyotrophy, ataxia, and spasticity, absent speech or dysarthria, and moderate to severe cognitive impairment. Optic atrophy may also be associated. Brain imaging shows cerebellar atrophy and thin corpus callosum, as well as brain iron accumulation in the pallidum and substantia nigra beginning during the second decade of life. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Global developmental delay-visual anomalies-progressive cerebellar atrophy-truncal hypotonia syndrome is a rare, genetic, neurological disorder characterized by mild to severe developmental delay and speech impairment, truncal hypotonia, abnormalities of vision (including cortical visual impairment and abnormal visual-evoked potentials), progressive brain atrophy mainly affecting the cerebellum, and shortened or atrophic corpus callosum. Other clinical findings may include increased muscle tone in the extremities, dystonic posturing, hyporeflexia, scoliosis, postnatal microcephaly and variable facial dysmorphism (e.g. deep-set eyes, gingival hyperplasia, short philtrum and retrognathia). |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Recurrent metabolic encephalomyopathic crises-rhabdomyolysis-cardiac arrhythmia-intellectual disability syndrome is a rare, genetic, neurodegenerative disease characterized by episodic metabolic encephalomyopathic crises (of variable frequency and severity which are frequently precipitated by an acute illness) which manifest with profound muscle weakness, ataxia, seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria, elevated plasma creatine kinase, hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, increased acylcarnitines and a disorientated or comatose state. Global developmental delay, intellectual disability and cortical, pyramidal and cerebellar signs develop with subsequent progressive neurodegeneration causing loss of expressive language and varying degrees of cerebral atrophy. |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Progressive microcephaly-seizures-cortical blindness-developmental delay syndrome is a rare, genetic, neuro-ophthalmological syndrome characterized by post-natal, progressive microcephaly and early-onset seizures, associated with delayed global development, bilateral cortical visual impairment and moderate to severe intellectual disability. Additional manifestations include short stature, generalized hypotonia and pulmonary complications, such as recurrent respiratory infections and bronchiectasis. Auditory and metabolic screenings are normal. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic cerebral small vessel disease characterized by recurrent ischemic strokes, often with a predilection for the pons, with typical onset in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Patients present progressive cognitive and motor impairment with pyramidal, bulbar, and cerebellar symptoms, among others. Brain imaging shows multiple lacunar infarcts, typically with involvement of the pons, as well as variable leukoencephalopathy of the cerebral hemispheres. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Spastic paraplegia-severe developmental delay-epilepsy syndrome is a rare, genetic, complex spastic paraplegia disorder characterized by an infantile-onset of psychomotor developmental delay with severe intellectual disability and poor speech acquisition, associated with seizures (mostly myoclonic), muscular hypotonia which may be noted at birth, and slowly progressive spasticity in the lower limbs leading to severe gait disturbances. Ocular abnormalities and incontinence are commonly associated. Other symptoms may include verbal dyspraxia, hypogenitalism, macrocephaly and sensorineural hearing loss, as well as dystonic movements and ataxia with upper limb involvement. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare neurologic disease characterized by the chronic consequences of bilirubin toxicity in the globus pallidus, sub-thalamic nuclei, and other brain regions, after exposure to high levels of unconjugated bilirubin in the neonatal period. Symptoms begin after the acute phase of bilirubin encephalopathy in the first year of life, evolve slowly over several years, and include mild to severe extrapyramidal disturbances (especially dystonia and athetosis), auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder, and oculomotor and dental abnormalities. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by profound intellectual disability, choreoathetosis, progressive spastic diplegia, progressive tapetoretinal degeneration with loss of retinal vessels, and glomerulopathy resulting in death late in the first or early in the second decade of life. Absence of the cerebellar granular layer has been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Familial infantile bilateral striatal necrosis is the familial form of infantile bilateral striatal necrosis, a syndrome of bilateral symmetric spongy degeneration of the caudate nucleus, putamen and globus pallidus characterized by developmental regression, choreoathetosis and dystonia progressing to spastic quadriparesis. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by postnatal onset of severe global developmental delay, profound mental retardation, progressive microcephaly, progressive spasticity evolving into spastic quadriplegia with joint contractures, generalized seizures, and irritability. Severe choreoathetosis and dysmorphic features are absent. Brain imaging shows progressive cerebellar atrophy followed by cerebral atrophy affecting both white and gray matter, but no pontine involvement. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia characterized by pure and slowly progressive cerebellar signs combining gait instability, dysarthria, nystagmus, saccadic eye movements and diplopia. Less frequent clinical signs and symptoms include spasticity, hyperreflexia, decreased distal vibration sense, urinary urgency or incontinence and postural tremor. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Spinocerebellar ataxia type 41 is a rare autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type III disorder characterized by adult-onset progressive imbalance and loss of coordination associated with an ataxic gait. Mild atrophy of the cerebellar vermis has been reported on brain magnetic resonance imaging. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Spinocerebellar ataxia type 43 is a rare autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type I disorder characterized by late adult-onset of slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia, typically presenting with balance and gait disturbances, in association with axonal peripheral neuropathy resulting in reduced/absent deep tendon reflexes and sensory impairment. Lower limb pain and amyotrophy may be present, as well as various cerebellar signs, including dysarthria, nystagmus, hypometric saccades and tremor. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, neurometabolic disease characterized by early onset encephalopathy with progressive microcephaly, severe global development delay, seizures, hypotonia, feeding difficulties, variable cardiac abnormalities, and cataracts. Brain MRI shows distinct pattern with high T2 signal and restricted diffusion in the posterior limb of the internal capsule in combination with delayed myelination and progressive cerebral atrophy. The disease is typically fatal. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Disease with characteristics of progressive ataxia beginning during infancy, a pyramidal syndrome and dental agenesis. The syndrome has been described in four children born to consanguineous parents. The mode of transmission is autosomal recessive. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A syndrome with the association of demyelinating leukodystrophy and progressive cerebellar ataxia, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and hypodontia. It has been diagnosed in four unrelated patients. These symptoms suggest the association of a myelination defect (of the central and peripheral nervous systems) with an endocrinal deficiency of the pituitary gland. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, neurological disorder characterized by childhood to adolescent onset of progressive myoclonus (which becomes very severe and results in major motor impediment) associated with infrequent tonic-clonic seizures, and, occasionally, ataxia. Learning disability prior to seizure onset and mild cognitive decline may be associated. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Progressive congenital rubella encephalomyelitis |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Postpartum amenorrhoea-galactorrhea syndrome |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia characterized by onset of dystonia and other extrapyramidal signs, ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, and progressive sensorimotor polyneuropathy in the first decade of life. Patients present distal muscle weakness and atrophy, decreased vibratory sensation, and areflexia, and usually become wheelchair-bound by the third decade. Variable cognitive impairment may also be seen. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by infantile onset of progressive leukoencephalopathy, microcephaly, severe global developmental delay, and spasticity resulting in quadriparesis and posture deformation. Additional features include an abnormally exaggerated startle reflex, seizures, dystonia, and hypomimia or amimia, as well as progressive chest deformities and contractures of large and hyperextensibility of small joints, among others. Thin corpus callosum is a prominent feature in brain imaging, in addition to white matter abnormalities consistent with leukoencephalopathy. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by pediatric onset of calcifying leukoencephalopathy and skeletal dysplasia. Reported structural brain abnormalities include agenesis of corpus callosum, ventriculomegaly, congenital hydrocephalus, pontocerebellar hypoplasia, periventricular calcifications, Dandy-Walker malformation and absence of microglia. Characteristic skeletal features include increased bone mineral density (reported in skull, pelvic bone and vertebrae), platyspondyly, and under-modeling of tubular bones with widened/radiolucent metaphysis and constricted/sclerotic diaphysis. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, neurological disorder characterized by childhood-onset severe myoclonic and tonic-clonic seizures and early-onset ataxia leading to severe gait disturbances associated with normal to slightly diminished cognition. Scoliosis, diffuse muscle atrophy and subcutaneous fat loss, as well as developmental delay, may be associated. Brain MRI may reveal complete agenesis of the corpus callosum, ventriculomegaly, interhemispheric cysts, and simplified gyration (frontally). |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare neurologic disease characterized by multifaceted motor system dysfunctions and cognitive defects such as asymmetric rigidity, bradykinesia, limb apraxia, and visuospatial dysfunction. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare slowly progressive autosomal recessive syndromic cerebellar ataxia characterized by late-onset cerebellar dysfunction (including gait and limb ataxia, nystagmus, and dysarthria), bilateral vestibulopathy (abnormal vestibulo-ocular reflex), and axonal sensory neuropathy. Variable features may include chronic cough and autonomic dysfunction. Brain imaging usually shows cerebellar atrophy. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by childhood-onset dystonia with distinctive MRI changes in the basal ganglia, and optic atrophy developing either immediately or within a few years after the appearance of dystonia. Additional symptoms include chorea and other movement disorders, dysarthria, or nystagmus, among others. Motor disability progresses gradually, while cognitive function is relatively spared. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic disease characterized by severe progressive sensorineural hearing loss and progressive cerebellar signs including gait ataxia, action tremor, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesis, dysarthria, and nystagmus. Absence of deep tendon reflexes has also been reported. Age of onset is between infancy and adolescence. Brain imaging may show variable cerebellar atrophy in some patients. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| PYCR2-related microcephaly-progressive leukoencephalopathy is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by progressive postnatal microcephaly, cerebral hypomyelination and severe psychomotor developmental delayed with absent speech, as well as axial hypotonia, appendicular hypertonia with hyperextensibility of the wrists and ankles, hyperreflexia, severe muscle wasting and failure to thrive. Associated craniofacial dysmorphism includes triangular facies with bitemporal narrowing, down- or upslanting palpebral fissures, malar hypoplasia, large malformed ears with overfolded helices, upturned bulbous nose, long smooth philtrum and thin vermilion borders. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia characterized by early onset of slowly progressive cerebellar atrophy, clinically manifesting with extremity and truncal ataxia, global developmental delay, intellectual impairment, nystagmus, dysarthria, intention tremor, and pyramidal signs, among others. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Chronic cluster headache |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, parkinsonism, dementia complex of Kii Peninsula (disorder) |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, parkinsonism, dementia complex of West New Guinea (disorder) |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Paroxysmal choreoathetosis |
Is a |
False |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Birnbaum's syndrome |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Friedreich ataxia |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia characterized by slowly progressive late-onset cerebellar ataxia, variably combined with sensory axonal neuropathy. Patients may present gait and limb ataxia, dysarthria, abnormal oculomotor function, and distal sensory impairment. Cerebellar atrophy is typically mild or absent. |
Is a |
True |
Chronic brain syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
FHIR