| Inbound Relationships |
Type |
Active |
Source |
Characteristic |
Refinability |
Group |
| Diencephalic-mesencephalic junction dysplasia is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic cerebral malformation characterized by severe intellectual disability, progressive postnatal microcephaly, axial hypotonia, spastic quadriparesis, seizures and facial dysmorphism (bushy eyebrows, hairy forehead, broad nasal root, long flat philtrum, V-shaped upper lip). Additionally, talipes equinovarus, non-obstructive cardiomyopathy, persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, obstructive hydrocephalus and autistic features may also be associated. On brain magnetic resonance imaging, the butterfly sign is characteristically observed and cortical calcifications, agenesis of the corpus callosum, ventriculomegaly, brainstem dysplasia and cerebellar vermis hypoplasia have also been described. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare neurologic disease characterized by neonatal hypotonia, global developmental delay, feeding difficulties, and often seizures or seizure-like episodes. Other frequently observed signs and symptoms include variable dysmorphic features, myopathic facies, respiratory problems, and visual abnormalities, such as strabismus or esotropia. Brain imaging may show delayed myelination and other white matter abnormalities. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A neurological disorder with characteristics of moderate to severe developmental delay and intellectual disability. Additional manifestations may include hypotonia, delayed development of motor skills, delayed speech development, recurrent seizures, autism spectrum disorder, macrocephaly and unusual facial features including frontal bossing, hypertelorism and downslanting palpebral fissures. Caused by mutations in the PPP2R5D gene, which provides instructions for making B56-delta resulting in the production of an altered B56 protein. Inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern however most cases of this condition result from de novo gene mutation. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by tall stature due to postnatal overgrowth, mild to moderate intellectual disability, joint hypermobility and subtle distinctive facial features, which often become apparent during adolescence (such as round face, low-set, thick horizontal eyebrows, narrow palpebral fissures and prominent upper-central incisors). Overweight, hypotonia, behavioral and psychiatric problems are common. Other clinical features may involve seizures, cryptorchidism and cardiovascular diseases (including congenital heart disease and aortic root dilatation). |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare genetic syndrome with characteristics of severe developmental delay, neonatal hypotonia, seizures, optic nerve hypoplasia and distinct central nervous system malformations including extensive bilateral polymicrogyria, dysplastic or absent corpus callosum and malformed brainstem with loss of demarcation of the pontomedullary junction. There is evidence this disease is caused by homozygous mutation in the TUBA8 gene on chromosome 22q11. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare disorder of branched-chain amino acid metabolism with characteristics of childhood-onset epilepsy, autism and intellectual disability with reduced levels of plasma branched chain aminoacids. Caused by homozygous mutation in the BCKDK gene on chromosome 16p11. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of congenital microcephaly with facial dysmorphism (sloping forehead, prominent nose, mild retrognathia), moderate to severe, non-progressive intellectual disability and symmetrical digital malformations of variable degree, including brachydactyly of the fifth fingers with single flexion crease, clinodactyly, syndactyly, polydactyly and hallux valgus. Congenital anonychia and white cafe au lait-like spots on the skin of hands and feet are also associated. There is evidence this disease is caused by homozygous mutation in the RBBP8 gene on chromosome 18q11.2. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability characterised by mild to severe global developmental delay, intellectual disability and behavioural abnormalities, hypotonia, strabismus, optic nerve hypoplasia and mild facial dysmorphic features (down slanting palpebral fissures, frontal bossing, crowded teeth, auricular abnormalities and prominent philtral ridges). Other associated clinical features may include seizures and skeletal anomalies (kyphosis/scoliosis, pectus deformities). |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare neurologic disease characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, multiple ischemic lesions on brain MRI, behavioral abnormalities, dystonia, choreic movements and pyramidal syndrome, facial dysmorphism (hypertelorism, arched palate, macroglossia), retinitis pigmentosa, scoliosis, seizures. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
7 |
| A rare partial autosomal trisomy/tetrasomy characterised by facial dysmorphism (long thin face, prominent forehead, down-slanting palpebral fissures, prominent nose with broad nasal bridge, prominent chin), pre and postnatal overgrowth, renal anomalies (for example horseshoe kidney, renal agenesis, hydronephrosis), mild to severe learning difficulties and behavioural abnormalities. Additional features may include craniosynostosis and macrocephaly. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability characterized by global developmental delay and borderline to severe intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder with obsessive behavior, hyperactivity but frequently friendly and affable personality, feeding difficulties, short stature, muscular hypotonia, microcephaly, characteristic dysmorphic features (hypertelorism, high arched eyebrows, ptosis, deep and/or broad nasal bridge, broad/prominent nasal tip, short and/or upturned philtrum, narrow mouth, and micrognathia), and skeletal anomalies (kyphosis and/or scoliosis, arthrogryposis, slender habitus and extremities). Other clinical features may include hernias, congenital heart defects, cryptorchidism and seizures. Caused by heterozygous intragenic copy number variation in the KIAA0442 gene (AUTS2) on chromosome 7q11. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| Syndrome with manifestations of borderline normal to severe intellectual disability. Most affected individuals have autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which can occur with characteristics that are unusual in people with ASD, such as an overly friendly demeanor. Other characteristics include delayed development, microcephaly, brachycephaly, hypertelorism, midface hypoplasia, small mouth with a thin upper lip. Diaphragmatic hernia is present in some cases. Caused by mutations in the POGZ gene. POGZ gene mutations are thought to impair the ability of the POGZ protein to bind to chromatin, leading to abnormal gene expression that affects development of the brain and other body systems. May be inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, however most cases result from de novo mutations in the gene. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| An autosomal recessive disorder with characteristics of ocular and neurodevelopmental defects and micro genitalia. It presents with severe intellectual disability, microcephaly, congenital cataract, microcornea, microphthalmia, agenesis/hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, and hypogenitalism. With exception of the ophthalmologic features, the clinical and dysmorphic findings are either unapparent or subtle in the early postnatal period. Mutations in RAB3GAP, a gene showing linkage to a region of homozygosity at 2q21.3, have been identified in some families. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| RAB18 deficiency causes two disorders with similar signs and symptoms; Warburg micro syndrome and Martsolf syndrome. Both of these diseases are considered to be part of the same disease spectrum because of similar features and shared genetic cause. Manifestations include eye problems from birth including cataracts, microphthalmia and microcornea, intellectual disability, delayed development hypotonia, spasticity and joint contractures. Martsolf syndrome affects the same body systems as Warburg micro syndrome but is usually less severe. RAB18 deficiency is caused by mutations in the RAB3GAP1, RAB3GAP2, RAB18, or TBC1D20 gene. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| Disease with characteristics of seizures that are resistant to treatment and begin in infancy. Development is impaired most children have severe intellectual disability and little or no speech. Common features include stereotypies, bruxism, disrupted sleep, feeding difficulties and gastrointestinal problems. Some individuals have distinctive facial features including a high and broad forehead, large and deep-set eyes, a well-defined philtrum, high palate. Microcephaly, scoliosis and tapered fingers have also been reported. Caused by mutations in the CDKL5 gene, which disrupts brain development. Inherited in an X-linked dominant pattern. The CDKL5 gene is located on the X chromosome however almost all cases of this condition result from de novo mutations in the CDKL5 gene. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare hereditary syndromic intellectual disability with characteristics of craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities in association with mild intellectual disability in females and early postnatal lethality in males. In addition to mild cognitive impairment, females present with microcephaly, short stature, skeletal features and extra temporal lobe gyrus. In males, intrauterine growth impairment, cardiac and urogenital anomalies have been reported. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare primary bone dysplasia with characteristics of severe developmental delay and skeletal dysplasia (including short stature, premature carpal ossification, platyspondyly, longitudinal metaphyseal striations, and small epiphyses), as well as moderate to severe intellectual disability and facial dysmorphism, including prominent forehead, mild synophrys, depressed nasal bridge, prominent bulbous nasal tip and full lips. Caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the NANS gene on chromosome 9q22. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of occipital atretic cephalocele associated with a specific facial dysmorphism (consisting of prominent forehead, narrow palpebral fissures, midface deficiency, narrow, malformed ears, broad nose and nasal root, grooved nasal tip and columella, laterally angulated, hypoplastic nares, short philtrum, thin upper lip, clift lip/palate, severe oligodontia, prominent chin) and large feet with sandal gap. Intellectual disability, developmental delay and hypoplastic finger and toenails have also been reported. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
7 |
| A rare genetic X-linked syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by mild to severe intellectual disability, infancy-onset seizures, post-natal microcephaly, cerebral cortical malformations, dysmorphic facial features (including long, narrow face, almond-shaped palpebral fissures, epicanthic folds, high nasal bridge, malar flattening, posteriorly rotated ears, high arched palate, crowded teeth, micrognathia) and thin body habitus. Long and slim fingers/toes, strabismus, hypotonia, spasticity, optic disc atrophy, and behavioral problems (aggression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and irritability) are additional features. Caused by hemizygous mutation in the NSDHL gene on chromosome Xq28. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability disorder with a variable phenotypic presentation. Typical characteristics are microcephaly, severe feeding difficulties, failure to thrive, severe global development delay that frequently results in absent/poor speech, moderate to profound intellectual disability, hypotonia and a distinctive facies that includes prominent forehead, high-arched, thin eyebrows, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, long, tubular nose with broad tip and prominent nasal bridge and wide mouth with full, everted lower lip. Caused by heterozygous mutation in the ASXL3 gene on chromosome 18q12. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare genetic immuno-osseous dysplasia disorder with characteristics of pre and post-natal growth retardation, hypotonia, borderline to moderate intellectual disability, retinal dystrophy, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (epiphyseal dysplasia, epiphyses ossification delay, vertebral changes) and skeletal anomalies (brachydactyly, fifth finger clinodactyly). Also associated are humeral immunodeficiency with inability to generate specific antibodies and low circulating B-cells, craniofacial dysmorphism that typically includes microcephaly, hypertelorism, long palpebral fissures, prominent eyelashes, a narrow, tubular, upturned nose with hypoplastic alae nasi, long philtrum and thin upper lip. There is evidence the disease is caused by compound heterozygous mutation in the RNU4ATAC gene on chromosome 2q14. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by moderate to severe intellectual disability and esotropia. Other associated features may include growth failure (underweight, failure to thrive, short stature), microcephaly, tone abnormalities (hypotonia, spasticity), epilepsy, behavioral problems (hyperactivity, aggressiveness), and/or abnormal brain morphology, including arachnoid cyst, cerebral atrophy, mild ventriculomegaly, and abnormal central nervous system myelination or corpus callosum agenesis. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous mutation in the ADAT3 gene on chromosome 19p13. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare syndromic intellectual disability disorder with characteristics of moderate intellectual disability, variable hand abnormalities (including brachydactyly, cutaneous and osseous syndactyly) and facial dysmorphism that includes short palpebral fissures, bulbous nasal tip, thin upper and lower vermilion and broad, pointed chin. Other features, including obesity, microcephaly, short stature and a grimacing smile may be observed. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare congenital disorder of glycosylation with characteristics of moderate intellectual disability, short stature, mild skeletal changes and distinctive facial features with coarse face, synophrys and deep nasolabial ridges. Skeletal features include broad ribs, stocky long bones, and short femoral necks with coxa valga, clinodactyly and broad thumbs. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by severe intellectual disability with limited or absent speech and language, short stature, acquired microcephaly, kyphoscoliosis or scoliosis, and behavioral disturbances that include hyperactivity, stereotypy and aggressiveness. Facial dysmorphism typically includes sloping forehead, mild synophrys, deep-set eyes, strabismus, anteverted large ears, prominent nose and dental malposition. Caused by homozygous mutation in the TTI2 gene on chromosome 8p12. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability characterized by mild intellectual disability, short stature with high body mass index, short neck with cervical gibbus and dysmorphic facial features. A metabolic syndrome, including type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and hypertension has also been reported. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability with characteristics of mild intellectual disability, delayed speech development, congenital heart defects, brachydactyly and dysmorphic facial features. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare hereditary ataxia characterised by early onset symptomatic generalised epilepsy, progressive cerebellar ataxia resulting in significant difficulties to walk or wheelchair dependency, and intellectual disability. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous mutation in the TDP2 gene on chromosome 6p22. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| 13q12.3 microdeletion syndrome (disorder) |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare syndromic intellectual disability syndrome with characteristics of cortical blindness, different types of seizures, intellectual disability with limited or absent speech and dysmorphic facial features. Brain imaging typically shows mild pontine hypoplasia, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum and atrophy in the occipital region. There is evidence the disease is caused by compound heterozygous mutation in the DOCK7 gene on chromosome 1p31. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability disorder with characteristics of global development delay with very limited or absent speech and language, severe intellectual disability, long slender fingers, ocular abnormalities (typically strabismus or hypermetropia) and facial dysmorphism that includes a grimacing facial expression, a tubular-shaped nose with a prominent, broad base and tip and other variable features, such as broad forehead, hypertelorism, deep-set eyes, narrow palpebral fissures, short philtrum and/or broad mouth. Caused by heterozygous mutation in the GATAD2B gene on chromosome 1q21. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterised by borderline to severe intellectual disability, global development delay, feeding difficulties, microcephaly, short stature and mild facial dysmorphism, including thick eyebrows, long eyelashes, prominent incisors and/or thin upper lip. Other associated features may include hypermetropia with or without esotropia, behavioural anomalies (for example autistic behaviour, sleeping disturbances), urogenital abnormalities (for example cryptorchidism, inguinal hernia), single palmar crease, fifth-finger clinodactyly and cardiac defects. There is evidence the disease is caused by heterozygous mutation in the CTCF gene on chromosome 16q22. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability disorder with characteristics of severe intellectual disability with significant speech and language impairment, hypohidrosis (often resulting in hyperthermia) with normal sweat gland appearance, tooth enamel hypoplasia, palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and a high frequency of acquired microcephaly. Mild facial dysmorphism, including lateral flaring of the eyebrows, broad nasal tip, and thick vermilion border, may also be observed. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous mutation in the COG6 gene on chromosome 13q14. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
8 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability disorder with characteristics of global development delay, microcephaly, moderate to severe intellectual disability and facial dysmorphism which includes tall forehead, high anterior hairline, short upslanting palpebral fissures, deep-set eyes and a long nose with a low-hanging columella. Additionally congenital renal and cardiac malformations (such as horseshoe kidney, unilateral renal agenesis atrioventricular septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus) and corpus callosum dysplasia may be associated. The disease is caused by homozygous mutation in the THOC6 gene on chromosome 16p13. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of mild to severe global development delay, severe intellectual disability, mild hypotonia, a short ulna, hirsutism of the face and extremities, minimal scoliosis, and facial dysmorphism, notably a tall broad forehead, synophrys, hypertelorism, malar hypoplasia, broad nose with thick alae nasi, low-set, small ears, long philtrum, thin upper lip and everted lower lip vermilion. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability syndrome with characteristics of mild to moderate intellectual disability, developmental delay (with speech and language development more severely affected) and facial dysmorphism which typically includes full, arched eyebrows, hypertelorism, down-slanting palpebral fissures, long eyelashes, ptosis, low-set, simple ears, bulbous nasal tip, flat philtrum, wide mouth with downturned corners and thin upper lip and diastema of the teeth. Association with infantile hypotonia, seizures, cryptorchidism in males and congenital abnormalities, including cardiac, cerebral or ocular defects, may be observed. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of moderate to severe intellectual disability, congenital aphonia, hearing loss, optic atrophy, retinal dystrophy, broad thumbs and duplicated halluces. Facial dysmorphism (including thick eyebrows, ptosis, long, downslanting palpebral fissures, microstomia, low-set, posteriorly rotated ears) and genital abnormalities are also associated. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
7 |
| A rare X-linked syndromic intellectual disability disorder with characteristics of profound intellectual disability, global developmental delay with absent speech, seizures, large joint contractures, abnormal position of thumbs and middle-age onset of cardiomegaly and atrioventricular valve abnormalities, resulting in subsequent congestive heart failure. Additional features include variable facial dysmorphism (notably large ears with over folded helix) and large testes. There is evidence the disease is caused by mutation in the CLIC2 gene on chromosome Xq28. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of craniofacial dysmorphism (brachycephaly resulting from craniosynostosis, frontal bossing, downslanting palpebral fissures, large and low-set ears, depressed nasal bridge, high-arched, wide palate, thin upper lip), impaired neurological development with intellectual disability, hypotonia, pyloric stenosis, pectus excavatum, bilateral cryptorchidism and short stature. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare hereditary syndromic intellectual disability characterized by cognitive impairment, behavioral and psychiatric problems, recurrent infections, atopic diseases and distinctive facial features in males. Females are clinically asymptomatic or mildly affected presenting mild learning difficulties and facial dysmorphism. |
Has interpretation |
False |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare junctional epidermolysis bullosa subtype characterized by late-onset blistering surrounded by erythema and localized on the anterior aspect of the lower legs, associated with dystrophic toenails, tooth enamel defects and mild to severe intellectual disability. Lens subluxation and mild facial dysmorphism (with short midface, prognathism and thin upper lip vermilion) are additional reported features. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A group of rare genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis disorders with the association of sensorineural deafness and onychodystrophy (for example absent/hypoplastic finger and toenails) as well as brachydactyly and finger-like thumbs. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
7 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of cerebellar-like ataxia, photosensitivity (mainly of the face and trunk), short stature and intellectual disability. Additional features include clinodactyly, single palmar transverse crease, high-arched palate, pseudohypertrophy of the calves and aortic valve lesions. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1983. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare hereditary neurologic disease with characteristics of early-onset cognitive impairment as a sole disability. The disease may be associated with autism, epilepsy and neuromuscular deficits. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare genetic pigmentation anomaly of the skin syndrome with characteristics of ventral as well as dorsal leukoderma of the trunk and a congenital white forelock in association with cerebellar ataxia, impaired motor coordination, intellectual disability of variable severity and progressive, mild to profound, unilateral or bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1971. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare syndromic intellectual disability characterised by hypotonia, developmental delay, absent or severely delayed speech development, obstructive sleep apnoea, mild dysmorphic facial features and behavioural abnormalities. Epilepsy, ataxia and nystagmus have also been reported. Caused by heterozygous mutation in the AHDC1 gene on chromosome 1p36. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of delayed motor development, intellectual disability, dysarthria, pseudobulbar signs, cryptorchidism, and syndactyly associated with a FLBN1 gene point mutation. Macular degeneration and signs of brain atrophy and spinal cord compression have also been reported. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability disorder with characteristics of mild to profound intellectual disability, delayed speech, obesity, ocular anomalies (blepharophimosis, blepharoptosis, hyperopic astigmatism, decreased visual acuity, strabismus, abducens nerve palsy, and/or accommodative esotropia), and dermal manifestations, such as chronic atopic dermatitis. Associated craniofacial dysmorphism includes macrocephaly, maxillary hypoplasia, mandibular prognathism and crowding of teeth. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability disorder with characteristics of severe intellectual disability, non-inherited progressive post-natal microcephaly, hypotonia, hyperkinesia, absence of speech, strabismus, and midline stereotypic hand movements (for example hand washing/rubbing). Additional features include developmental delay, seizures and behavioral disturbances, such as self-injury and unexplained crying episodes. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability disorder with highly variable phenotype. Typical characteristics are mild to severe global development delay, severe speech and language impairment, mild to severe intellectual disability, dysphagia, hypotonia, relative to true macrocephaly and behavioral problems that may include autistic features, hyperactivity and mood lability. Facial gestalt typically features a broad, prominent forehead, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, ptosis, short bulbous nose with broad tip, thick vermilion border, wide and open mouth with downturned corners. Brain, cardiac, urogenital and ocular malformations may be associated. Caused by heterozygous mutation in the FOXP1 gene on chromosome 3p13. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare genetic epilepsy syndrome with characteristics of congenital alopecia, early-onset epilepsy, intellectual disability and speech delay. Large stature, delayed bone development and abnormal electroencephalogram have also been associated. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| Blepharophimosis, intellectual disability syndrome (disorder) |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome is a multisystemic disorder with characteristics of hypogonadism, alopecia, diabetes mellitus, intellectual deficit and extrapyramidal signs with choreoathetoid movements and dystonia. The onset is usually in adolescence. Additional manifestations may include sensorineural deafness, flattened T waves on ECG, seizures, sensory polyneuropathy, dysarthria, various craniofacial abnormalities (high forehead, flat occiput, triangular face, prominent nasal root, hypertelorism, and down-slanting palpebral fissures), scoliosis, hyperreflexia, and camptodactyly. Associated with mutations in the DCAF17 gene (2q31.1), encoding a nucleolar protein of unknown function. The disease is transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
7 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by Hirschsprung disease, facial dysmorphism (sloping forehead, high arched eyebrows, long eyelashes, telecanthus/hypertelorism, ptosis, prominent ears, thick earlobes, prominent nasal bridge, thick philtrum, everted lower lip vermillion and pointed chin), global developmental delay, intellectual disability and variable cerebral abnormalities (focal or generalized polymicrogyria, or hypoplastic corpus callosum). |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
10 |
| Biemond syndrome type 2 (BS2) is a rare genetic neurological and developmental disorder reported in a very small number of patients with a poorly defined phenotype which includes iris coloboma, short stature, obesity, hypogonadism, postaxial polydactyly, and intellectual disability. Hydrocephalus and facial dysostosis were also reported. BS2 shares features with Bardet-Biedl syndrome. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1997. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| Blepharonasofacial syndrome is a rare otorhinolaryngological malformation syndrome characterized by a distinctive mask-like facial dysmorphism, lacrimal duct obstruction, extrapyramidal features, digital malformations and intellectual disability. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare genetic, multiple congenital malformation syndrome characterized by brain anomalies (thinning of the corpus callosum with dilatation of ventricles), intellectual disability, ectodermal dysplasia, skeletal deformities (vertebral anomalies, scoliosis, polydactyly), ear/eye anomalies (maldevelopment, small optic nerves, low set and large ears with hearing loss) and kidney dysplasia/hypoplasia. In the case that clinical manifestation is also associated to Hirschsprung disease and cleft palate or cryptorchidism, it is named as BRESHECK syndrome. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| An extremely rare genetic syndrome characterized by the association of microcephaly, intellectual deficit and achalasia (with symptoms of coughing, dysphagia, vomiting, failure to thrive and aspiration appearing in infancy/early-childhood). Antenatal exposure to Mefloquine was reported in one simplex case. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| A rare X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by variable intellectual deficit, macrocephaly, short stature, and facial dysmorphism (such as prominent forehead, prominent supraorbital ridges, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, broad nasal tip, anteverted nostrils, thick lower lip, and localized microdontia). Additional reported features include seizures, post-pubertal macroorchidism, obesity, and short, broad hands with tapered fingers. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| Oral-facial-digital syndrome, type 9 is characterized by highly arched palate with bifid tongue and bilateral supernumerary lower canines, hamartomatous tongue, multiple frenula, hypertelorism, telecanthus, strabismus, broad and/or bifid nasal tip, short stature, bifid halluces, forked metatarsal, poly- and syndactyly, mild intellectual deficit and specific retinal abnormalities (bilateral optic disc coloboma and retinal dysplasia with partial detachment). |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
8 |
| Orofaciodigital syndrome type 11 is an extremely rare, sporadic form of Orofaciodigital syndrome with only a few reported cases, and characterized by facial (blepharophimosis, bulbous nasal tip, broad nasal bridge, downslanting palpebral fissures and low set ears) and skeletal (post-axial polydactyly and fusion of vertebrae) malformations along with severe intellectual disability, deafness and congenital heart defects. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
10 |
| Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia Nishimura type is characterized by spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, craniosynostosis, cataracts, cleft palate and intellectual deficit. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| A rare, X-linked syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by non-progressive ataxia, apraxia, variable intellectual disability and/or visuospatial, visuographic and visuoconstructive dysfunctions in male patients. Seizures, congenital clubfoot and macroorchidism have also been associated. Partial clinical expression was noted in obligate female carriers. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| An X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by a few months of normal development, followed by progressive neurodegenerative course with gradual loss of vision, development of spastic tetraplegia, convulsions, microcephaly, failure to thrive, and early death. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| Fried syndrome is a rare X-linked mental retardation (XLMR) syndrome characterized by psychomotor delay, intellectual deficit, hydrocephalus, and mild facial anomalies. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| X-linked recessive intellectual disability and macrocephaly with ciliary dysfunction syndrome (disorder) |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| X-linked intellectual disability, Seemanova type is characterised by microcephaly, intellectual deficit, growth retardation and hypogenitalism. It has been described in four boys from one family. A characteristic facies and ophthalmologic anomalies were also present and included microphthalmia, microcornea and cataract. Transmission is X-linked. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| X-linked intellectual disability, Shashi type is characterized by moderate intellectual deficit, obesity, macroorchidism and a characteristic facies (large ears, a prominent lower lip and puffy eyelids). It has been described in nine boys from two families. Transmission is X-linked and the causative gene has been localized to the q21.3-q27 region of the X chromosome. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| An X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by severe intellectual disability, microcephaly and short stature in male patients. Strabismus and spastic diplegia have also been described. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| X-linked intellectual disability, Siderius type is characterized by mild to borderline intellectual deficit associated with cleft lip/palate. Preaxial polydactyly, large hands and cryptorchidism are sometimes present. The syndrome has been described in seven boys from two families. Transmission is X-linked and the syndrome is caused by mutations in the PHF8 gene, localized to the p11.21 region of the X chromosome. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| X-linked intellectual disability, Stevenson type is characterized by intellectual deficit, hypotonia, absent deep tendon reflexes, tapered fingers and excessive fingerprint arches, genu valgum, a characteristic face and small teeth. It has been described in four males from two generations of one family. The causative gene appears to be located in the q13 region of the X chromosome. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| X-linked intellectual disability, Stocco Dos Santos type is characterized by severe intellectual deficit with hyperactivity, language delay, congenital hip luxation, short stature, kyphosis and recurrent respiratory infections. Aggressive behavior and frequent epileptic seizures may also be present. The syndrome has been described in four boys from the same family. Transmission is X-linked and is caused by mutations in the KIAA1202 gene, localized to the Xp11.2 region. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| X-linked intellectual disability, Stoll type is characterized by intellectual deficit, short stature and characteristic facies (hypertelorism, prominent forehead, frontal bossing, a broad nasal tip and anteverted nares). It has been described in four males from three generations of the same family. Two females from this family also displayed intellectual deficit and the characteristic facies. Transmission is X-linked. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| X-linked intellectual disability Turner type (disorder) |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterised by developmental delay, mild to moderate intellectual disability, low birth weight, moderate to severe short stature, microcephaly and variable hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Mild facial dysmorphism include upslanted palpebral fissures and prominent nasal bridge. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| X-linked intellectual disability, Wilson type is characterized by severe intellectual deficit with mutism, epilepsy, growth retardation and recurrent infections. It has been described in three males from three generations of one family. The causative gene has been localized to the 11p region of the X chromosome. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by intellectual deficit, growth retardation with short stature, deafness and ophthalmoplegia. Choreoathetosis with muscle spasticity generally appears during childhood. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by global developmental delay and severe intellectual disability, seizures, and recurrent lower respiratory tract infections, resulting in premature death in affected males. Additional reported manifestations include mild dysmorphic facial features (such as epicanthic folds, high nasal bridge, or small mouth), gait disturbances, brisk tendon reflexes, delayed bone age, and tapering fingers. No evident heterozygous manifestation has been reported in females. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| X-linked mental retardation, Miles-Carpenter type is characterized by severe intellectual deficit, microcephaly, exotropia and low digital arches. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare developmental defect characterized by mild intellectual deficit associated with short stature, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, microcephaly and mild facial dysmorphism (deep-set eyes, prominent supraorbital ridges, a high nasal bridge and large ears). |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare X-linked intellectual disability characterized by marked neonatal hypotonia, progressive quadriparesia, severely delayed developmental milestones (walking at 3 years of age), gastroesophageal reflux, stereotypic movements of the hands, esotropia and infantile autism. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| X-linked intellectual disability, Armfield type is characterized by intellectual deficiency, short stature, seizures, and small hands and feet. It has been described in six males from three generations of one family. Three of them also had cataracts/glaucoma and two of them had cleft palate. The locus has been mapped to the terminal 8 Mb of Xq28. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| X-linked intellectual disability, Abidi type is characterized by X-linked intellectual deficit and mild variable manifestations, including short stature, small head circumference, sloping forehead, hearing loss, abnormally shaped ears, and small testes. It has been described in eight affected males from three generations. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by moderate to severe intellectual disability, neurologic signs and symptoms (such as seizures, spasticity, strabismus), characteristic dysmorphic facial features (including broad forehead, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, broad and flat nasal bridge, midline notch of upper lip, lack of upper central incisors, incomplete oral cleft, and prominent mandible), and acne scars. Hearing impairment, pseudo-bulbar palsy, growth retardation, and skeletal anomalies (camptodactyly, clinodactyly, bilateral cubitus valgus, pes cavus/planus) have also been described. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by uveal coloboma (typically bilateral) variably associated with cleft lip, palate and/or uvula, hearing impairment, and intellectual disability. The spectrum of eye involvement is also variable and includes iris coloboma extending to the choroid, disc, and/or macula, microphthalmia, cataract, and extraocular movement impairment. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| 12q14 microdeletion syndrome is characterized by mild intellectual deficit, failure to thrive, short stature and osteopoikilosis. It has been described in four unrelated patients. The syndrome appears to be caused by a heterozygous deletion at chromosome region 12q14, which was detected in three of the four patients. The deleted region contains the LEMD3 gene: mutations in this gene have already been implicated in osteopoikilosis. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
7 |
| A rare genetic disorder characterized by craniosynostosis, craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities, marfanoid habitus, cardiac anomalies, neurological abnormalities, and intellectual disability. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| Branchioskeletogenital syndrome is a rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by moderate intellectual disability, distinctive craniofacial features (including brachycephaly, facial asymmetry, marked hypertelorism, blepharochalasis, proptosis, a broad nose with concave nasal ridge and bulbous nasal tip, midface hypoplasia, bifid uvula or partial cleft palate, and prognathism), progressive dental anomalies (dentigerous cysts, radicular dentin dysplasia and early tooth loss), vertebral fusions (particularly of C2-C3), and hypospadias. Hearing loss is an additional observed feature. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare genetic disease characterized by mild intellectual deficit, congenital cataract, progressive sensorineural hearing impairment, ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, and short stature. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1991. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
7 |
| X-linked intellectual deficit-cerebellar hypoplasia, also known as OPHN1 syndrome, is a rare syndromic form of cerebellar dysgenesis characterized by moderate to severe intellectual deficit and cerebellar abnormalities. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| X-linked intellectual disability-cubitus valgus-dysmorphism syndrome is characterized by moderate intellectual deficit, marked cubitus valgus, mild microcephaly, a short philtrum, deep-set eyes, downslanting palpebral fissures and multiple nevi. Less than ten individuals have been described so far. Transmission is thought to be X-linked recessive. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare central nervous system malformation characterized by severe intellectual deficit, early hypotonia with progression to spasticity and contractures, choreoathetosis, seizures, dysmorphic face (long face with prominent forehead), and brain imaging abnormalities such as Dandy-Walker malformation, and iron deposition. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
8 |
| An X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by intellectual disability, subcortical cerebral atrophy, dental anomalies, patella luxation, lower back skin dimple, and dysmorphic facial features. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| X-linked intellectual disability-epilepsy-progressive joint contractures-dysmorphism syndrome is characterized by intellectual deficit, epilepsy, facial dysmorphism and progressive joint contractures. It has been described in two boys. Hypotonia and feeding problems at birth were also reported. The mode of transmission is X-linked. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by moderate intellectual disability, dysmorphic facial features (such as prominent glabella, synophrys, and prognathism), generalized hirsutism, bilateral single palmar creases, and seizures. Additional reported manifestations include slowly progressive neurological deterioration with muscular weakness and impaired gait and balance, as well as hypogammaglobulinemia with specific absence of plasma and/or secretory IgA, among others. Brain imaging may show mild cerebellar atrophy and thin corpus callosum. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterised by severe to profound intellectual disability, muscular hypotonia in childhood, delayed walking, delayed or minimal/absent speech, behavioural abnormalities including aggressiveness, agitation, and self-injurious behaviour, and dysmorphic facial features (such as triangular face with high forehead, prominent ears, and small, pointed chin). Additional reported manifestations include microcephaly, short stature, and seizures, among others. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare, X-linked syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by mild to moderate intellectual disability, obesity, hypogonadism, tapering fingers and microphallus with small or undescended testes, localized to Xp11.3-Xq23. Additional variable manifestations include alopecia, dental and eyesight anomalies, speech disabilities, and decreased body strength. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by mild to severe intellectual deficit associated with variable clinical manifestations including spasticity, cryptorchidism, maxillary hypoplasia, alopecia areata, epilepsy, short stature, impaired speech, and behavioral problems. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| Radioulnar synostosis-microcephaly-scoliosis syndrome, also known as Guiffré-Tsukahara syndrome, is an extremely rare syndrome characterized by the association of radioulnar synostosis with microcephaly, scoliosis, short stature and intellectual deficit. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
8 |
| Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, Kohn type is characterized by short trunk dwarfism, progressive involvement of the spine and epiphyses and mild-to-moderate intellectual deficit. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| Microcephaly-brachydactyly-kyphoscoliosis syndrome is characterized by profound intellectual deficit in association with microcephaly, short stature, brachydactyly type D, a flattened occiput, downslanting palpebral fissures, low-set large ears, a broad prominent nose and kyphoscoliosis. It has been described in three sisters. The disorder is likely to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. |
Has interpretation |
True |
Impaired |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
8 |
FHIR