231000005: Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap (procedure)

SNOMED CT Concept\Procedure\...

\Intentional, structural alteration of the human body by mechanical, thermal, light-based, electromagnetic, or chemical means, and/or by the incision or destruction of tissues using instruments to cut, burn, vaporize, freeze, suture, probe, or manipulate by closed reductions.\Surgical procedure using flap\Reconstruction using flap (procedure)\Reconstruction with distant flap\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Intentional, structural alteration of the human body by mechanical, thermal, light-based, electromagnetic, or chemical means, and/or by the incision or destruction of tissues using instruments to cut, burn, vaporize, freeze, suture, probe, or manipulate by closed reductions.\Operative procedure on spinal structure (procedure)\Operation on spinal cord\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Intentional, structural alteration of the human body by mechanical, thermal, light-based, electromagnetic, or chemical means, and/or by the incision or destruction of tissues using instruments to cut, burn, vaporize, freeze, suture, probe, or manipulate by closed reductions.\Operative procedure on spinal structure (procedure)\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Spinal cord reconstruction\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Intentional, structural alteration of the human body by mechanical, thermal, light-based, electromagnetic, or chemical means, and/or by the incision or destruction of tissues using instruments to cut, burn, vaporize, freeze, suture, probe, or manipulate by closed reductions.\Operative procedure on spinal structure (procedure)\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Intentional, structural alteration of the human body by mechanical, thermal, light-based, electromagnetic, or chemical means, and/or by the incision or destruction of tissues using instruments to cut, burn, vaporize, freeze, suture, probe, or manipulate by closed reductions.\Operation on nervous system\Meninges operation\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Intentional, structural alteration of the human body by mechanical, thermal, light-based, electromagnetic, or chemical means, and/or by the incision or destruction of tissues using instruments to cut, burn, vaporize, freeze, suture, probe, or manipulate by closed reductions.\Operation on nervous system\Operation on spinal cord\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Intentional, structural alteration of the human body by mechanical, thermal, light-based, electromagnetic, or chemical means, and/or by the incision or destruction of tissues using instruments to cut, burn, vaporize, freeze, suture, probe, or manipulate by closed reductions.\Operation on nervous system\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Spinal cord reconstruction\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Intentional, structural alteration of the human body by mechanical, thermal, light-based, electromagnetic, or chemical means, and/or by the incision or destruction of tissues using instruments to cut, burn, vaporize, freeze, suture, probe, or manipulate by closed reductions.\Operation on nervous system\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Intentional, structural alteration of the human body by mechanical, thermal, light-based, electromagnetic, or chemical means, and/or by the incision or destruction of tissues using instruments to cut, burn, vaporize, freeze, suture, probe, or manipulate by closed reductions.\Restoring, to the extent possible, the natural anatomical structure.\A reparative construction that builds or rebuilds a structure that should normally be present.\Reconstruction using flap (procedure)\Reconstruction with distant flap\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Intentional, structural alteration of the human body by mechanical, thermal, light-based, electromagnetic, or chemical means, and/or by the incision or destruction of tissues using instruments to cut, burn, vaporize, freeze, suture, probe, or manipulate by closed reductions.\Restoring, to the extent possible, the natural anatomical structure.\A reparative construction that builds or rebuilds a structure that should normally be present.\Spinal cord reconstruction\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Intentional, structural alteration of the human body by mechanical, thermal, light-based, electromagnetic, or chemical means, and/or by the incision or destruction of tissues using instruments to cut, burn, vaporize, freeze, suture, probe, or manipulate by closed reductions.\Restoring, to the extent possible, the natural anatomical structure.\A repair that unites structures\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Intentional, structural alteration of the human body by mechanical, thermal, light-based, electromagnetic, or chemical means, and/or by the incision or destruction of tissues using instruments to cut, burn, vaporize, freeze, suture, probe, or manipulate by closed reductions.\Restoring, to the extent possible, the natural anatomical structure.\Repair of spinal cord\Spinal cord reconstruction\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Intentional, structural alteration of the human body by mechanical, thermal, light-based, electromagnetic, or chemical means, and/or by the incision or destruction of tissues using instruments to cut, burn, vaporize, freeze, suture, probe, or manipulate by closed reductions.\Restoring, to the extent possible, the natural anatomical structure.\Repair of spinal cord\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap

\Procedure by site\Procedure on body region (procedure)\Procedure on back including back of neck.\Procedure on spine\Operative procedure on spinal structure (procedure)\Operation on spinal cord\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body region (procedure)\Procedure on back including back of neck.\Procedure on spine\Operative procedure on spinal structure (procedure)\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Spinal cord reconstruction\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body region (procedure)\Procedure on back including back of neck.\Procedure on spine\Operative procedure on spinal structure (procedure)\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body region (procedure)\Procedure on back including back of neck.\Procedure on spine\Procedure on spinal cord\Procedure on spinal meninges\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body region (procedure)\Procedure on back including back of neck.\Procedure on spine\Procedure on spinal cord\Operation on spinal cord\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body region (procedure)\Procedure on back including back of neck.\Procedure on spine\Procedure on spinal cord\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Spinal cord reconstruction\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body region (procedure)\Procedure on back including back of neck.\Procedure on spine\Procedure on spinal cord\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on organ\Meninges operation\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on organ\Procedure on spinal cord\Procedure on spinal meninges\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on organ\Procedure on spinal cord\Operation on spinal cord\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on organ\Procedure on spinal cord\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Spinal cord reconstruction\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on organ\Procedure on spinal cord\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body system\Procedure on nervous system\Procedure on central nervous system\Meninges operation\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body system\Procedure on nervous system\Procedure on central nervous system\Procedure on spinal cord\Procedure on spinal meninges\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body system\Procedure on nervous system\Procedure on central nervous system\Procedure on spinal cord\Operation on spinal cord\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body system\Procedure on nervous system\Procedure on central nervous system\Procedure on spinal cord\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Spinal cord reconstruction\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body system\Procedure on nervous system\Procedure on central nervous system\Procedure on spinal cord\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body system\Procedure on nervous system\Operation on nervous system\Meninges operation\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body system\Procedure on nervous system\Operation on nervous system\Operation on spinal cord\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body system\Procedure on nervous system\Operation on nervous system\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Spinal cord reconstruction\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by site\Procedure on body system\Procedure on nervous system\Operation on nervous system\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap

\Procedure by method\Surgical procedure using flap\Reconstruction using flap (procedure)\Reconstruction with distant flap\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by method\Operative procedure on spinal structure (procedure)\Operation on spinal cord\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by method\Operative procedure on spinal structure (procedure)\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Spinal cord reconstruction\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by method\Operative procedure on spinal structure (procedure)\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by method\The act of putting or inserting an object AND/OR substance into or onto the body.\The act of fixing something firmly or setting something securely or deeply into the body.\Reconstruction using flap (procedure)\Reconstruction with distant flap\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by method\Operation on nervous system\Meninges operation\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by method\Operation on nervous system\Operation on spinal cord\Spinal meninges operation\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by method\Operation on nervous system\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Spinal cord reconstruction\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by method\Operation on nervous system\Operation on spinal cord\Repair of spinal cord\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by method\Restoring, to the extent possible, the natural anatomical structure.\A reparative construction that builds or rebuilds a structure that should normally be present.\Reconstruction using flap (procedure)\Reconstruction with distant flap\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by method\Restoring, to the extent possible, the natural anatomical structure.\A reparative construction that builds or rebuilds a structure that should normally be present.\Spinal cord reconstruction\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by method\Restoring, to the extent possible, the natural anatomical structure.\A repair that unites structures\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by method\Restoring, to the extent possible, the natural anatomical structure.\Repair of spinal cord\Spinal cord reconstruction\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap
\Procedure by method\Restoring, to the extent possible, the natural anatomical structure.\Repair of spinal cord\Repair of spinal meninges\Spinal cord closure\Closure of cerebrospinal fluid leak from spinal cord (procedure)\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula\Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap

Status: current, Sufficiently defined by necessary conditions definition status (core metadata concept). Date: 30-Jun 2022. Module: SNOMED CT core

Descriptions:

Id Description Lang Type Status Case? Module

346068019 Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap en Synonym (core metadata concept) Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) SNOMED CT core

618879016 Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap (procedure) en Fully specified name Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) SNOMED CT core

4640491000005119 lukning af rygmarvshinde for cerebrospinalvæskefistel ved anvendelse af distal vævslap da Synonym (core metadata concept) Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) Danish module (core metadata concept)

4931451000005117 lukning af spinale meninges for cerebrospinalvæskefistel ved anvendelse af distal vævslap da Synonym (core metadata concept) Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) Danish module (core metadata concept)

Expanded Value Set

Outbound Relationships	Type	Target	Active	Characteristic	Refinability	Group	Values
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Is a	Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula	true	Inferred relationship	Some
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Procedure site	Spinal cord meninges structure (body structure)	false	Inferred relationship	Some	1
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Method	Flap reconstruction - action	false	Inferred relationship	Some	1
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Is a	Spinal cord reconstruction	true	Inferred relationship	Some
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Is a	transplantation af rygmarvsstruktur	false	Inferred relationship	Some
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Is a	indgreb på meninges med anvendelse af duragraft	false	Inferred relationship	Some
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Is a	An autogenous transplantation that does not entirely sever the topographic object from the donor spot, at least until it is united at the recipient spot.	false	Inferred relationship	Some
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Procedure site - Direct (attribute)	Spinal cord meninges structure (body structure)	false	Inferred relationship	Some	1
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Method	Flap reconstruction - action	false	Inferred relationship	Some	1
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Procedure site - Direct (attribute)	Spinal cord meninges structure (body structure)	true	Inferred relationship	Some	1
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Method	Closure - action	true	Inferred relationship	Some	2
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Direct morphology	Fistula	true	Inferred relationship	Some	2
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Has focus	Cerebrospinal fluid leak	true	Inferred relationship	Some	3
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Procedure site - Direct (attribute)	Spinal cord meninges structure (body structure)	true	Inferred relationship	Some	2
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Is a	The act of fixing something firmly or setting something securely or deeply into the body.	false	Inferred relationship	Some
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Is a	indsættelse af stof efter anatomisk lokalisation	false	Inferred relationship	Some
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Direct morphology	Fistula	true	Inferred relationship	Some	1
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Direct substance	Flap (substance)	true	Inferred relationship	Some	1
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Is a	Reconstruction with distant flap	true	Inferred relationship	Some
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Method	Distant flap reconstruction - action (qualifier value)	true	Inferred relationship	Some	1

Inbound Relationships	Type	Active	Source	Characteristic	Refinability	Group
Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using free flap	Is a	True	Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	Inferred relationship	Some

This concept is not in any reference sets

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Id	Description	Lang	Type	Status	Case?	Module
346068019	Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap	en	Synonym (core metadata concept)	Active	Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT core
618879016	Repair of spinal cord meninges for cerebrospinal fluid fistula using distal tissue flap (procedure)	en	Fully specified name	Active	Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept)	SNOMED CT core
4640491000005119	lukning af rygmarvshinde for cerebrospinalvæskefistel ved anvendelse af distal vævslap	da	Synonym (core metadata concept)	Active	Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept)	Danish module (core metadata concept)
4931451000005117	lukning af spinale meninges for cerebrospinalvæskefistel ved anvendelse af distal vævslap	da	Synonym (core metadata concept)	Active	Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept)	Danish module (core metadata concept)