| Members |
languageDialectCode |
typeId |
value |
| A rare syndromic form of lissencephaly characterized by severe microcephaly, agyria, agenesis of the corpus callosum, cerebellar hypoplasia, facial dysmorphology and epiphyseal stippling of the metacarpal bones. The syndrome may be an allelic variant of Neu-Laxova syndrome and Lissencephaly type III with cystic dilations of the cerebellum and fetal akinesia sequence. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Sneddon's syndrome (SS) is a rare non-inflammatory thrombotic vasculopathy characterized by the combination of cerebrovascular disease with livedo racemosa. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare neoplastic disease characterised by the presence of ten or more hepatocellular adenomas in a background of normal appearing hepatic parenchyma. The majority of reported cases are female. There is no association with steroid use. The condition is considered benign, although the risk of complications (such as malignant transformation or spontaneous rupture with intraperitoneal haemorrhage) is much higher than in isolated hepatic adenoma. Hepatocellular carcinoma develops in less than 10% of cases. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Logopenic progressive aphasia (lv-PPA) is a form of primary progressive aphasia, characterized by impaired single-word retrieval and naming and impaired repetition with spared single-word comprehension and object knowledge. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A mitochondrial disorder of long chain fatty acid oxidation characterized in most patients by onset in infancy or early childhood with hypoketotic hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, liver disease, hypotonia and frequently cardiac involvement with arrhythmias and/or cardiomyopathy. Caused by the isolated deficiency of long chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, an enzyme of the mitochondrial trifunctional protein complex (TFP). TFP is a heterooctamer of 4 alpha and 4 beta subunits. The disease is due to mutations in the HADHA gene (2p23) that encodes for the alpha subunit of TFP. Mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency is clinically indistinguishable from this disease. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare autosomal dominant heart-hand syndrome that is characterized by bisymmetric brachydactyly accompanied by long thumbs, joint anomalies (restriction of motion at the shoulder and metacarpophalangeal joints) and cardiac conduction defects. Additional features include small hands and feet, clinodactyly, narrow shoulders with short clavicles, pectus excavatum and mild shortness of the limbs, cardiomegaly and murmur of pulmonic stenosis. There have been no new reports since 1981. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare primary bone dysplasia characterised by reduced bone mineral density (defined as a Z score below -2.0), vertebral compression fractures, and recurrent peripheral fractures caused by low-impact trauma, leading to bone pain and impaired mobility. Patients typically become symptomatic in childhood or adolescence. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic hepatic disease characterized by low biliary phospholipid concentration with symptomatic and recurring cholelithiasis which develops before the age of 40 years. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Lower limb malformation-hypospadias syndrome is a rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by severe, uni- or bilateral lower limb malformations (including tibial hypoplasia, split and rocker bottom-shaped feet, and oligosyndactyly), normal upper limbs and hypospadias. Additional dysmorphic features (e.g. short neck and low-set, large ears), atrial septal defect, ureteropelvic junction stenosis and slight septation of the spleen, have also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1977. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Lowry-MacLean syndrome is a very rare syndrome characterized by microcephaly, craniosynostosis, glaucoma, growth failure and visceral malformations. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic disease characterized by the association of unilateral complete or partial lung agenesis, complex congenital cardiac anomalies such as atrial septal defect, total anomalous pulmonary venous return, or patent ductus arteriosus, and ipsilateral or bilateral thumb abnormalities. Presence of facial dysmorphism and other malformative features has also been reported. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Lung fibrosis-immunodeficiency-46,XX gonadal dysgenesis syndrome is characterized by immune deficiency, gonadal dysgenesis and fatal lung fibrosis. So far, it has been described in two sisters born to consanguineous parents. Both karyotypes were normal female (46,XX). No genetic anomalies could be identified by comparative genome hybridization analysis of their genomes or by analysis of genes known to be associated with these types of anomalies. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by a variable phenotype including macrocephaly, postnatal overgrowth, advanced carpal ossification, obesity, speech delay, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, and behavioral difficulties with aggressive outbursts, and variable facial dysmorphism. Seizures, structural abnormalities of the brain, as well as a variety of other manifestations such as recurrent otitis media, joint hypermobility, hirsutism, or nevi have also been reported. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Lymphedema-cerebral arteriovenous anomaly syndrome is characterized by the variable association of a cerebrovascular malformation, foot lymphedema and primary pulmonary hypertension. It has been described in a woman and four of her children. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1986. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by the association of congenital hypoparathyroidism, nephropathy, congenital lymphedema, mitral valve prolapse and brachytelephalangy. Additional features include mild facial dysmorphism, hypertrichosis, and nail abnormalities. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1993. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Lymphedema-atrial septal defects-facial changes syndrome is characterized by congenital lymphedema of the lower limbs, atrial septal defect and a characteristic facies (a round face with a prominent forehead, a flat nasal bridge with a broad nasal tip, epicanthal folds, a thin upper lip and a cleft chin). It has been described in two brothers and a sister. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic disease characterised by choanal atresia and early onset of lymphoedema of the lower extremities. Additional reported features include facial dysmorphism (hypertelorism, broad forehead, smooth philtrum, unilateral low-set ear, and high-arched palate), hypoplastic nipples, and pectus excavatum. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by the presence of small B-lymphocytes, plasmacytoid lymphocytes, and plasma cells, and either non-secreting or secreting IgG or IgA paraproteins. The disease usually involves the bone marrow, sometimes also the spleen or lymph nodes. Patients typically present with symptoms related to anemia. Hyperviscosity, autoimmune phenomena, and B symptoms may also be observed. Mortality is higher as compared to Waldenström macroglobulinemia. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Methotrexate-associated lymphoproliferative disorders are rare immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative diseases characterized by lymphoid proliferation or lymphomas (large B-cell lymphoma, T-cell lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, reactive lymphadenitis and a polymorphic post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder) that develop in patients with different autoimmune diseases treated with methotrexate. Swelling is the predominant manifestation of the disease and regression after methotrexate withdrawal is observed in a significant proportion of patients. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by mild or moderate intellectual disability, developmental delay, short stature and facial dysmorphism (long ears, prominent nasal tip, low columella, thin upper lip, broad mouth and prominent chin) due to KDM3B mutations. Neonatal feeding difficulties, childhood hypotonia, and behavior problems were also reported in some patients. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare Prader-Willi-like syndrome characterized by arthrogryposis, including contractures of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints, and autism spectrum disorder due to MAGEL2 mutation. Overlapping phenotypes with Prader-Willi syndrome include hypotonia, feeding difficulties, weight gain, developmental delay, intellectual disability and hypogonadism. Minority of patients manifest hyperphagia and morbid obesity in contrast to patients with Prader-Willi syndrome. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Macrocephaly-developmental delay syndrome is a rare, intellectual disability syndrome characterized by macrocephaly, mild dysmorphic features (frontal bossing, long face, hooded eye lids with small, downslanting palpebral fissures, broad nasal bridge, and prominent chin), global neurodevelopmental delay, behavioral abnormalities (e.g. anxiety, stereotyped movements) and absence or generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Additional features reported in some patients include craniosynostosis, fifth finger clinodactyly, recurrent pneumonia, and hepatosplenomegaly. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Macrocephaly-spastic paraplegia-dysmorphism syndrome is a rare syndrome of multiple congenital anomalies characterized by macrocephaly (of post-natal onset) with large anterior fontanelle, progressive complex spastic paraplegia, dysmorphic facial features (broad and high forehead, deeply set eyes, short philtrum with thin upper lip, large mouth and prominent incisors), seizures, and intellectual deficit of varying severity. Inheritance appears to be autosomal recessive. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| RIN2 syndrome, formerly known as macrocephaly, alopecia, cutis laxa and scoliosis (MACS) syndrome, is a very rare inherited connective tissue disorder characterized by macrocephaly, sparse scalp hair, soft-redundant and hyperextensible skin, joint hypermobility, and scoliosis. Patients have progressive facial coarsening with downslanted palpebral fissures, upper eyelid fullness/infraorbital folds, thick/everted vermillion, gingival overgrowth and abnormal position of the teeth. Rarer manifestations such as abnormal high-pitched voice, bronchiectasis, hypergonadotropic hypergonadism and brachydactyly have also been reported. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Macrocephaly-intellectual disability-left ventricular non compaction syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by motor and cognitive developmental delay with language impairment, macrocephaly, hypotonia, dysmorphic facial features (including long face, slanting palpebral fissures and prominent, flattened nose) and left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy. Patients also present skeletal abnormalities (e.g. scoliosis, finger clinodactyly, pes planus), slender build and shy behavior. Strabismus and various neurological signs (including ataxia, tremor and hyperreflexia) may be associated, as well as epilepsy, autism and MRI findings showing a small cerebellum and abnormalities of the corpus callosum. A phenotypic variant with no cardiac involvement has been reported. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability, characterized by macrocephaly, intellectual disability, seizures, dysmorphic facial features (including tall forehead, downslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, depressed nasal bridge, and macrostomia), megalencephaly, and small thorax. Other reported features are umbilical hernia, muscular hypotonia, global developmental delay, autistic behavior, and café-au-lait spots, among others. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| MOMO syndrome is a very rare genetic overgrowth/obesity syndrome characterized by macrocephaly, obesity, mental (intellectual) disability and ocular abnormalities. Other frequent clinical signs include macrosomia, downslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, broad nasal root, high and broad forehead and delay in bone maturation, in association with normal thyroid function and karyotype. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by macrocephaly, short stature, intellectual disability, variable degree of spastic paraplegia, central nervous system malformations (hydrocephalus, Dandy-Walker malformation), and dysmorphic features, such as high and broad forehead, midface hypoplasia, and small and broad hands and feet. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1993. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare acquired skeletal muscle disease characterized by infiltration of the epimysium, perimysium, and perifascicular endomysium by macrophages with crystal inclusions composed of aluminum salts at the site of a previous vaccination (most commonly the deltoid muscle). Muscle necrosis is typically absent. Patients may present with myalgias, arthralgias, muscle weakness, chronic fatigue, asthenia, fever, and cognitive dysfunction. Signs and symptoms usually develop slowly over several months. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by macrostomia or abnormal mouth contour, preauricular tags or pits, and uni- or bilateral ptosis due to external ophthalmoplegia. This syndrome belongs to the oculoauriculovertebral spectrum, a developmental disorder affecting the structures derived from the first and second branchial arches. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, macrothrombocytopenia, lymphedema, and dysmorphic facial features (like synophrys, ptosis, eversion of the lateral portion of the lower eyelid, and thin upper lip, among others). Additional reported manifestations include cardiac and genitourinary anomalies, sensorineural hearing loss, ophthalmologic abnormalities, skeletal anomalies, and immunodeficiency. Brain imaging may show enlarged ventricles, cerebellar atrophy, or white matter changes. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Macular coloboma-cleft palate-hallux valgus syndrome is characterized by the association of bilateral macular coloboma, cleft palate, and hallux valgus. It has been described in a brother and sister. Pelvic, limb and digital anomalies were also reported. Transmission is autosomal recessive. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A form of cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) characterised by the presence of multiple hyperpigmented macules, papules or nodules associated with abnormal accumulation of mast cells in the skin. Most patients present in infancy or childhood, but onset may also occur in adulthood. Mutations in the KIT gene (4q11-q12) have been identified however this mutation is rare in the paediatric population and the aetiology and pathogenesis in these cases remains to be determined. The disease generally occurs sporadically but rare familial cases have been reported. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Malakoplakia is a chronic multisystem granulomatous inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of single or multiple soft plaques on various organs of the body. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare multisystemic genetic disorder characterized by characteristic facial features with macrocephaly, overgrowth in infancy, intellectual disability and behavioral problems including anxieties and aggressiveness. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| This syndrome is characterized by hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, intellectual deficit, congenital skeletal anomalies involving the cervical spine and superior ribs, and diabetes mellitus. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Male infertility with teratozoospermia due to single gene mutation is a rare, genetic male infertility due to sperm disorder characterized by the presence of spermatozoa with abnormal morphology, such as macrozoospermia or globozoospermia, in over 85% of sperm, resulting from mutation in a single gene known to cause teratozoospermia. It is a heterogeneous group that includes a wide range of abnormal sperm phenotypes affecting, solely or simultaneously, head, neck, midpiece, and/or tail. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare condition characterized by the occurrence and/or diagnosis of a malignancy during pregnancy. The most frequently diagnosed neoplasms are gynecologic tumors, especially cervical cancer, followed by hematologic malignancies. Patient management should be carried out by a multidisciplinary team of specialists. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Malignant germ cell tumor of the vagina is an extremely rare, malignant, vulvovaginal neoplasm, deriving from primordial germ cells in the vagina, typically characterized by painless bloody vaginal discharge and a polypoid mass which protrudes from the vagina. Serum alpha-fetoprotein is usually elevated and rapid progression, local aggression and early metastasis to liver and lungs is reported. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| An extremely rare arthrogryposis syndrome, described in only two pairs of siblings from two unrelated families to date, and characterized by the association of arthrogryposis, congenital torticollis, dysmorphic facial features (i.e. asymmetry of the face, myopathic facial movements, ptosis, posteriorly rotated ears, cleft palate), progressive scoliosis and episodes of malignant hyperthermia. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1988. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Malignant non-dysgerminomatous germ cell tumour of ovary is a rare malignant germ cell tumour of ovary arising from germ cells in the ovary, frequently unilateral at diagnosis, usually presenting during adolescence with pelvic mass, fever, vaginal bleeding and acute abdomen, with certain subtypes being occasionally associated with isosexual precocity, virilisation, hyperthyroidism or carcinoid syndrome. Histologically they comprise the following: embryonal carcinoma, Yolk sac tumour, polyembryoma and mixed germ cell tumour. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Mammary-digital-nail syndrome is a syndromic limb malformation characterized by congenital onychodystrophy/anonychia, brachydactyly of the fifth finger, digitalization of the thumbs, with absence or hypoplasia of the distal phalanges of the hands and feet in association with juvenile hypertrophy of the breast with gigantomastia in peripubertal females. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare mandibulofacial dysostosis characterized by the association with scalp alopecia and sparse eyebrows and eyelashes. Craniofacial dysmorphic features include zygomatic and mandibular dysplasia or hypoplasia, cleft palate, micrognathia, dental anomalies, auricular dysmorphism, and eyelid anomalies, among others. Patients may experience limited jaw mobility, glossoptosis, upper airway obstruction, and conductive hearing loss. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| MPI-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation, characterized by cyclic vomiting, profound hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, liver fibrosis, gastrointestinal complications (protein-losing enteropathy with hypoalbuminemia, life-threatening intestinal bleeding of diffuse origin), and thrombotic events (protein C and S deficiency, low anti-thrombin III levels), whereas neurological development and cognitive capacity is usually normal. The clinical course is variable even within families. The disease is caused by loss of function of the gene MPI (15q24.1). |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| MOGS-CDG is a form of congenital disorders of N-linked glycosylation characterized by generalized hypotonia, craniofacial dysmorphism (prominent occiput, short palpebral fissures, long eyelashes, broad nose, high arched palate, retrognathia), hypoplastic genitalia, seizures, feeding difficulties, hypoventilation, severe hypogammaglobulinemia with generalized edema, and increased resistance to particular viral infections (particularly to enveloped viruses). The disease is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene MOGS (2p13.1). |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Marburg acute multiple sclerosis is a rare variant of multiple sclerosis characterized by a rapidly progressive, aggressive form of multiple sclerosis with numerous large multifocal demyelinating lesions in deep white matter on cerebral MRI that usually leads to severe disability or death within weeks to months without remission. A relapsing form of multiple sclerosis is observed in surviving patients. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by intellectual disability, psychomotor retardation, flat face and some features resembling Marfan syndrome, such as tall stature, dolichostenomelia, arm span larger than height, arachnodactyly of hands and feet, little subcutaneous fat, and muscle hypotonia. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1984. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Marfanoid habitus, facial dysmorphism, skeletal abnormality, heart defect syndrome |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare syndromic intestinal malformation characterized by the association of marfanoid features (including marfanoid habitus, severe myopia, retinal detachment, and mitral valve prolapse) with visceral diverticula (inguinal and/or femoral hernia and diverticula of the large and small bowel or urinary bladder). Some patients also had diaphragmatic eventration. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1996. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, genetic retinal disease characterized by the characteristic dried-out soil fundus pattern due to diffuse deep white lines in the macula, to the level of the retinal pigment epithelium, which is slightly elevated and rippled. Macular exudation may be associated, and Bruch's membrane may be affected too. Occasionally, peripheral nummular pigmentary changes may be observed, associated with blindness. The lesions enlarge with time, with a preferential macular extension and confluence. Complications may include polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy, choroidal neovascularization or atrophic fibrous macular scarring that can lead to reduced visual acuity over time. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 1 (disorder) |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 13 is a uniparental disomy of maternal origin that most likely do not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only mother is a carrier. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 2 is an uniparental disomy of maternal origin that most likely does not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only mother is a carrier. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 20 (UPD 20) is a very rare chromosomal anomaly in which both copies of chromosome 20 are inherited from the mother. The main feature described is prenatal and postnatal growth retardation. Microcephaly, minor dysmorphic features and psychomotor developmental delay have been occasionally reported. Maternal UPD20 is most often ascertained by a mosaic trisomy 20 pregnancy. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 4 is an uniparental disomy of maternal origin that most likely does not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only mother is a carrier. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 6 is a uniparental disomy of maternal origin characterized by intrauterine growth retardation. Homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only a mother is a carrier may lead to other phenotypes. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 9 is a uniparental disomy of maternal origin that most likely does not have any phenotypic expression except from cases of homozygosity for a recessive disease mutation for which only mother is a carrier. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Maternally inherited Leigh syndrome is a rare subtype of Leigh syndrome characterized clinically by encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, seizures, cardiomyopathy, respiratory disorders and developmental delay, with onset in infancy or early childhood, and resulting from maternally-inherited mutations in mitochondrial DNA. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare mitochondrial disease that has a heterogeneous clinical presentation characterized by the association of progressive sensorineural hearing loss with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and, in the majority of cases, encephalomyopathy symptoms such as ataxia, slurred speech, progressive external ophthalmoparesis (PEO), muscle weakness, myalgia, and exercise intolerance. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Maternally-inherited mitochondrial dystonia is a rare neurological mitochondrial DNA-related disorder characterized clinically by progressive pediatric-onset dystonia with variable degrees of severity. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, genetic congenital malformation syndrome characterized by bilateral anophthalmia (or less commonly microphthalmia) in association with a variable combination of the following: pulmonary hypoplasia or agenesis, congenital diaphragmatic hernia or eventration, and variable cardiovascular defects (congenital heart defects and/or pulmonary artery atresia). Intellectual disability is noted in surviving patients. Other variable malformations affecting different organ systems, as well as facial dysmorphism, may be observed. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare developmental anomaly characterized by midfacial hypoplasia affecting primarily the anterior part of the maxilla (premaxilla) and the nasal complex. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare spectrum of Mullerian duct anomalies characterised by congenital aplasia of the uterus and upper two-thirds of the vagina in otherwise phenotypically normal females. It can be classified as either Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome type 1 (corresponding to isolated utero-vaginal aplasia) or MRKH syndrome type 2 (utero-vaginal aplasia associated with other malformations). |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| McCune Albright syndrome (disorder) |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| McDonough syndrome is a rare, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by facial dysmorphism (prominent superciliary arcs, synophrys, strabismus, large, anteverted ears, large nose, malocclusion of teeth), delayed psychomotor development, intellectual disability and congenital heart defects (e.g. pulmonic stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect). Additional features include thorax deformation (pectus excavatum/carinatum), kyphoscoliosis, diastasis recti and cryptorchidism. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1984. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| McLeod neuroacanthocytosis syndrome (MLS) is a form of neuroacanthocytosis and is characterized clinically by a Huntington's disease-like phenotype with an involuntary hyperkinetic movement disorder, psychiatric manifestations and cognitive alterations, and biochemically by absence of the Kx antigen and by weak expression of the Kell antigens. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Meacham syndrome is a multiple malformation syndrome characterized by congenital diaphragmatic abnormalities, genital defects and cardiac malformations. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare frontonasal dysplasia characterized by median cleft of the upper lip (MCL), midline polyps of the facial skin, nasal mucosa, and pericallosal lipomas. Hypertelorism with ocular anomalies are also observed, generally with normal neuropsychological development. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare familial facial anomaly characterized by a nodule beneath the vermilion border of the upper lip that tapered into the frenulum. The lesion is soft, easily compressible and asymptomatic. It can be wide (up to 8 mm) or flat and less prominent. Regression of the nodule by age has been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1994. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Medich giant platelet syndrome (MGPS) is a platelet granule disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia with giant platelets resulting in easy bleeding. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic, skeletal muscle disease with characteristics of early-onset hypotonia, muscle weakness, global developmental delay with intellectual disability and cardiomyopathy. Congenital structural heart defects and ichthyosiform cutaneous lesions have also been associated. Muscle biopsy shows characteristic enlarged mitochondria located at the periphery of muscle fibres. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Megakaryoblastic acute myeloid leukemia with t(1;22)(p13;q13) is a rare subtype of acute myeloid leukemia with recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities characterized by clonal proliferation of myeloid blasts with predominantly megakaryoblastic differentiation in the bone marrow and blood, often with extensive infiltration of the abdominal organs. It occurs typically in infants and usually presents with hepatosplenomegaly, anemia, thrombocytopenia and nonspecific symptoms related to ineffective hematopoiesis (fatigue, bleeding and bruising, recurrent infections). Myelofibrosis and fibrosis of other infiltrated organs is also characteristic of this disease. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare syndrome with a central nervous system malformation as a major feature characterized by macrocephaly, megalencephaly, bilateral perisylvian polymicrogyria, variable degrees of ventriculomegaly/hydrocephalus, developmental delay and intellectual disability, oromotor dysfunction, hypotonia, seizures, and dysmorphic facial features (such as frontal bossing, low-set ears, a flat nasal bridge, and high-arched palate). Postaxial polydactyly of one or more extremities is also common. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by overgrowth and macrocephaly with megalencephaly apparent at birth, global developmental delay, intellectual disability, and dysmorphic facial features (including frontal bossing, long face, sparse eyebrows, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, and prognathism). Patients may exhibit tall stature with dolichostenomelia, arachnodactyly, kyphoscoliosis, and joint laxity, as well as neurologic manifestations, such as hypotonia, gait ataxia, or seizures. Brain imaging may show increased white matter volume, thick corpus callosum, or small cerebellum. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Megalocornea-intellectual disability syndrome is a rare intellectual disability syndrome most commonly characterized by megalocornea, congenital hypotonia, varying degrees of intellectual disability, psychomotor/developmental delay, seizures, and mild facial dysmorphism (including round face, frontal bossing, epicanthal folds, large low set ears, broad nasal base, anteverted nostrils, and long upper lip). Interfamilial and intrafamilial clinical variability has been reported. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| MITF-related melanoma and renal cell carcinoma predisposition syndrome is an inherited cancer-predisposing syndrome due to a gain-of-function germline mutation in the MITF gene, associated with a higher incidence of amelanotic and nodular melanoma, multiple primary melanomas and increase in nevus number and size. It may also predispose to co-occurring melanoma and renal cell carcinoma and to pancreatic cancer. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Melanoma and neural system tumor syndrome is an extremely rare tumor association characterized by dual predisposition to melanoma and neural system tumors. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Melhem-Fahl syndrome was described in two siblings born to consanguineous parents in 1985 and was characterised by the presence of 15 dorsal vertebrae and rib pairs. No other cases have been documented since the initial report. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Melorheostosis with osteopoikilosis is a rare sclerosing bone dysplasia, combining the clinical and radiological features of melorheostosis and osteopoikilosis, that has been reported in some families with osteopoikilosis and that is characterized by a variable presentation of limb pain and deformities. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare autosomal dominant hereditary axonal motor and sensory neuropathy characterized by adult onset of slowly progressive distal muscle weakness and atrophy, sensory impairment, and hyporeflexia beginning in the lower limbs. Progressive gait disturbance may lead to loss of independent ambulation in some patients at a higher age. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) due to complete interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFN-gammaR1) deficiency is a genetic variant of MSMD characterized by a complete deficiency in IFN-gammaR1, leading to impaired IFN-gamma immunity and, consequently, to severe and often fatal infections with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and other environmental mycobacteria (EM). |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Mendelian susceptibly to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) due to complete interferon gamma receptor 2 (IFN-gammaR2) deficiency is a genetic variant of MSMD characterized by a complete deficiency in IFN-gammaR2, leading to an undetectable response to IFN-gamma, and consequently, to severe and often fatal infections with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and other environmental mycobacteria (EM). |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) due to complete ISG15 deficiency is a genetic variant of MSMD characterized by Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infections. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) due to complete interleukin-12 receptor subunit beta-1 (IL12RB1) deficiency is a genetic variant of MSMD characterized by mild bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infections and recurrent Salmonella infections. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) due to complete interleukin-12 subunit beta (IL12B) deficiency is a genetic variant of MSMD characterized by mild bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infections and recurrent Salmonella infections. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) due to partial IRF8 (interferon regulatory factor 8) deficiency is a rare genetic variant of MSMD characterized by a selective susceptibility to relatively mild infections with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) due to partial STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1) deficiency is a genetic variant of MSMD characterized by a partial defect in the interferon (IFN)-gamma pathway, leading to mild mycobacterial infections. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, mostly benign, neoplastic disease characterized by a primary tumor of the meninges, usually located intracranially (approximately 90%) but spinal meningiomas occur as well. Clinical symptoms relate to the location of the tumor and may include seizures, focal neurological deficits (sensory-motor or visual symptoms, cranial nerve dysfunction), vascular complications (occlusion of cerebral blood vessels, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism), chronically increased intracranial pressure neurocognitive impairment and/or loss of bladder/anus sphincter control. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by variable intellectual disability, developmental delay, autistic behavior, short stature, and microcephaly. Additional variable manifestations include feeding problems, vision and hearing impairments, recurrent upper airway infections, and epilepsy. Reported malformations are cryptorchidism and cerebral anomalies. Dysmorphic facial features include short and upslanted palpebral fissures, ptosis, telecanthus, depressed nasal ridge, short nose, anteverted nares, short columella, and long philtrum. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare anomaly of puberty or/and menstrual cycle characterized by recurrent fevers (higher than 38 degrees Celsius) associated with the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in women. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Hepatic cystic hamartoma, also named mesenchymal hamartoma of liver, is a rare benign liver tumor of childhood, usually before the age of 2, of mesenchymal origin and variable clinical presentation (abdominal dissension, abdominal mass, pain, vomiting and signs of inferior vena cava compression). |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis is a rare epilepsy syndrome defined by seizures originating in limbic areas of the mesial temporal lobe, particularly in the hippocampus, amygdala, and in the parahippocampal gyrus and its connections, and hippocampal sclerosis, usually unilateral or asymmetric. It is frequently associated with an initial precipitating event, such as febrile seizures, hypoxia, intracranial infection or head trauma, most often occurring in the first five years of life, followed by a latent period without seizures. Typical seizures consist of a characteristic aura that is frequently a rising epigastric sensation associated with emotional disturbances, illusions, and autonomic symptoms (widened pupils, palpitations), progressive impairment of consciousness, oro-alimentary automatisms (lip smacking, chewing, licking, tooth grinding), behavioral arrest, head deviation, dystonic postures, hand and verbal automatisms. Seizures are followed by postictal dysfunction. Initially, seizures are easily controlled with antiepileptic drugs, later they frequently become refractory and associated with progressive behavioral changes and memory deficits. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare non-syndromic syndactyly characterized by mesoaxial reduction of fingers, complete syndactyly of the 3rd and 4th fingers with synostoses of the corresponding metacarpals and associated single phalanges, malformed thumbs, and hypoplasia and clinodactyly of the 5th finger. Preaxial webbing of toes with terminal phalangeal hypoplasia of all toes has been reported in association. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Mesomelic dysplasia Kantaputra type (MDK) is a rare skeletal disease characterized by symmetric shortening of the middle segments of limbs and short stature. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Mesomelic dysplasia, Savarirayan type is characterized by severely hypoplastic and triangular-shaped tibiae, and absence of the fibulae. So far, two sporadic cases have been described. Moderate mesomelia of the upper limbs, proximal widening of the ulnas, pelvic anomalies and marked bilateral glenoid hypoplasia were also reported. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare disorder characterized by disproportionate short stature from birth with dysplasia of the ulna and fibula. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare syndrome characterized by mesomelic shortening and bowing of the limbs, camptodactyly, skin dimpling and cleft palate with retrognathia and mandibular hypoplasia. It has been described in a brother and sister born to consanguineous parents. Transmission is autosomal recessive. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Metabolic myopathy due to lactate transporter defect is a rare metabolic myopathy characterized by muscle cramping and/or stiffness after exercise (especially during heat exposure), post-exertional rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria, and elevation of serum creatine kinase. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Kaitila type is a rare multiple metaphyseal dysplasia disease characterized by disproportionate short stature, short limbs and digits, tracheobronchial malacia and progressive thoracolumbar scoliosis. Radiographic imaging shows progression from marked metaphyseal dysplasia of tubular bones in childhood to short and broad bones with mild dysplasia of the joints in adulthood. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Metaphyseal chondromatosis with D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria is an extremely rare genetic disorder characterized by the unique association of enchondromatosis with D-2 hydroxyglutaric aciduria. Clinical features include enchondromatosis (with short stature, severe metaphyseal dysplasia and mild vertebral involvement), elevated levels of urinary 2-hydroxyglutaric acid and mild developmental delay. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Metaphyseal dysostosis-intellectual disability-conductive deafness syndrome is characterized by metaphyseal dysplasia, short-limb dwarfism, mild intellectual deficit and conductive hearing loss, associated with repeated episodes of otitis media in childhood. It has been described in three brothers born to consanguineous Sicilian parents. Variable manifestations included hyperopia and strabismus. The mode of inheritance is autosomal recessive. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
FHIR